Populism in Democracy a susia zo diam?

Kammal khiatna:

Populism = Mi honpite a metna ding bek a nasem ding ngimna:

Democracy = Mi a tamzawte deihna tawh na sem dingin, a tawmzaw mite deihna zahtak, thupi sim sak ding ngimna

A kilamdanna = Populism ah mi a tawmzaw, a thanem zaw mite kinawl khin, kizo thawh a; Democracy ah a tawmzaw, a thanem zaw mite humbit (protect), kipanpih hi.

Kitelna (election) pan in telcing Kumpi in “ko pen mi a tamzaw deihna tawh telcing hi ungin, vai pen ko deih bangbang a hihi” cih bang in ukna thu neihna (executive power) a zang ziauziau thunei (Kumpi) na phawk kha hiam? Gentehna in, India gam ah Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) party pen kitelna (election) pan in telcing a ngah party hi a, a langpang (oppose) party thanem a hih manin gambup vai pen a mau a tamzawte bek i metna (a diak in Hindu biakna bia mite bek) dingin a sepna uh na muh teh, man na sa mah hiam?

Tua bang a thupiang pen gamkhat sung bek a piang thu hilo hi. Khuasung, tualsung kipawlna (community organization), Upna bulphuh kipawlna (Faith based organization) cihte ah zong tua bangin “a bawng tamtam, a bawng cingcing in, a mau deihna ah thu a suk kaih, a to kaih uh na muh ciangin kisam thu khat om na sa hiam?

Thu neihna iplah (power hunger) mi khat in “a tamzaw mi honpi in kitelna pan a tel cing a hih na bek paulap in” a ma’ deih bangtek in pawlsung vai, khuasung vai, gamsung vai suk hei to hei ut ziau thei hi. A omsa thute, paizia leh ngeina cih peuhmawh awlmawh nawnlo in, “a tamzaw mi honpi in deih hi” cih paulap in Democracy pen a lang (50%) zangin kiphelh khia uhhi. A tha khauh makai (strong leader) leh a muilim makai (effective leader) lunggulhna hangin makai khat in a omsa thukhunte, paiziate leh ngeinate zuilo in a sep hangin, mipite in “hi ta hen! Hi ta hen!” ci’n khutbet khum lai hi. Tua bangin “sep khiatna (a hoih ding deihan hiven) bek” a ki ultung sak luatna hangin “mi hontam ukna (majoritarianism) leh makai khatbek i ukna (authoritarianism) lam ah lehlut pih sawmsawm hun hong tung kik hi.

Democracy kici bang hiam?

Mi tampi tak in democracy ukna paizia kici pen “a tamzaw thu neihna” ci in kigen khial ziau thei hi. A khial hilo na pi, man khin lo hi. A kicingin kigen kimlo cihna a hihi. A kicingin a gen hi leng, Democracy pen “a tamzaw deihna tawh ukna paizia kibawl a, a tawmzaw mite deihna kihum (protect)” vaihawmna paizia a hihi. A kitel zaw in genciat theihna dingin thunung thuma (concept) nam (4) tawh gen kul hi. Tua thunung thuma nam (4)te pen (i) Mipi palai zatna thu guipi (republican principles) (ii) Mipi huamkimna (democracy) (iii) Thukhunpi zuihna (constitutionalism) leh (iv) Suahtakna thu guipi (liberalism) a hihi.

Mipi Palai zatna thu guipi (Republican principles) paizia kici in “gam mipite pen thu neihna sang pen a nei mite hi a, a maute thu kimpihna (legitimacy) bek tawh gam uk kumpi ding kiphut khia thei ding” cih a hihi. Tua thu guipi (principles) pen gam tampite i thu khunpi (constitution) sungah “gam bup thu neihna pen mipite neihsa a hihi” cih a hizongin, “gam uk kumpite in mipite phalna (consent) bek tawh ukna thuneihna a nei a hihi” cih a hi zongin kigelh hi. Ukna thu neihna a zang ding mite pen mipite phalna or deihna tawh kitel khia Palai/Taangmi a hih teitei ding cihna a hihi.

Mipi huam kimna (Democracy) paizia bulpi kici pen, “gam mipi khempeuh in tan kikimna leh mipi khempeuh huam kimna” bulphuh a hihi. Gan hing khempeuh tan kikim a, a hi zongin khe li nei ganhing teng bek an kipia ding hi cih a hi zongin; mihing khempeuh tanh kikim a, cikang/vunkang nei miteng bek inn kipia ding hi cih bang om theilo hi. Tan kikimna leh huamkimna (inclusiveness) pen Democracy paizia a dingin a khuampi khat a hihi. Vaihawmna leh thu khensatna khatpeuh a kineih ciangin a masa in mipi a tamzaw deihna zui a kikhensat ding hi mah ta leh, a nihna ah mi buppi (a tawmzaw te zong) huamkim na ding en a gel leh malakna neih ding a hihi. Ukna, vaihawmna, gelna, malakna dingte a paizia zuihna leh thu khenzum a paizia zuihna pen kibanglo hi. Gentehna in mi a tamzaw i deihna tawh khialhna nei (guilty) mi 10 khah khia in, khialna neilo mi khat gawtna piak ding cih thute pen thu khenzum paizia hi a, ukna leh vaihawmna paizia kibawl khit ciang a, tua zui a sepzia ding thu hi pan hi.

Thu khunpi zuihna (Constitutionalism) paizia kici pen, “gam sung gam pua, pawl sung pawl pua kilam khiat zia, pianziate gelh khiatna hi a, sun kal zan kal a lumlet theihloh ding a, a kip ding a kigel a hih manin puahphatna leh behlapna ciang cihloh pumkhekna (replace) ding hamsa hi. A vailam a (horizontal) khenna zong kici “thu neihna khenkhiatna (separation of power) leh thu neihna bukkimna (check and balance of power)” cihte pen gii nei a kibawl kilam zia leh pianzia a hihi. Khenna pawlkhat pen a dunglam (vertical) khenna zong kici a, “gam bup thuneihna (national level), gamke thu neihna (regional level), tualsung thuneihna (local level)” cih bangin etkai theihna (jurisdiction) pen a dawldawl, a thuapthuap in kikhen hi. Tua bangin kikhenna pen gambup leh kipawlna bulkip zawkna ding leh muilim (effective) zawkna dingin a zungpi ahihi.

Suahtakna thu guipi (liberalism) paizia kici pen “mi khatpeuh in gam leh minam nasepna, biakna nasepna leh a dang nasepna khatpeuh a ma mimal utna lieliau in kihel thei ding hi. Tua kihelna pen thusiah (terms) kibang tungah kingah ding” cih thu guipi pomna a hihi. Hih thu guipi deihna in, “mimal khat i suahtakna pen daitak in nuamsa hithiat thei ding (peaceful enjoyment of individual independence)” hi ci’n zong kigen thei hi. Mihing a min piang khempeuh in a kisut theilo hamphatna (inalienable rights) neitek a hihna kipsak na in gam uk kumpite in mimal khat i suahtakna suksiat sak lo ding, khak tansak lo ding cih ahihi. Hih mun ah, mimal kim in zong mimal i suahtakna sungah nopsakna dingin mimal dang khat i suahtakna suk siat saklo, khak tan saklo ding kisam hi.

Populism kici bang hiam?

Ukna thuneihna a nei mite hepkhiatna ding a hi zongin, a ahih kei leh, ukna thuneihna a nei laitak mite in a mau ukna a letkip suak zawhna dingin a hizongin a tha khauh makai (a strong leader) leh a muilim makai (an effective leader) pawlkhat in mi honpi luankhopna (mass movement) pansan in Populism paizia zang uhhi. Hih thu paizia in “democracy thak suak sak ding, makai ding mi thak sem sak ding, thu meilet (policies) thakte tawh kalsuan ding” cih kamciam pia in awng uhhi. A makaite in mipi, nautang a ding a gen a sa bangin pau uh a, “a mau lam leh ei lamte” cih panmun ah gii khen in thu gen uhhi. Tua bek hilo in, makai pawlkhat in muahmawh thu (conspiracy theory) zangin mipi sosang sak uh a, mipil misiamte muan lahna (distrust of experts), nampi lungsim ultung sakna leh minam dangte- a pualam mite (outsiders) muh siatna dingin thu phuang uhhi. Hih a nuai a thute en in sittel leng Populism kicing zaw in ki lungngai thei ding hi.

Populism kalsuan zia in mipi nautang tampi huam kha zaw phial mah leh ukna vaihawmna neusek hi. (Populism may increase representativeness but undermine governance)

Mipi nautang mainawtna (Populist mobilization) ah makaih zia pen mimal tungah kilim ngak lua (personalistic leader) a hih manin party bup bulphuhzia (institutionalization) pan lampial khia thei hi. Mimal bulphuh luatna hangin, tua mi in thuneihna a hong ngah tak ciang, mailam kalsuan zia ding thukhun gelna ah lunglut nawnlo uh a, party dangte in thukhun gelna, thusunna cihte thu sim nawnlo in nawl khin sak uhhi. Ngeina paizia, sepzia bawlzia leh thuciin thusiah cihte awlmawh nawnlo in, mi hontam zawkna (popular voice) pen a man pen in sang uhhi. Mi hon tamzaw in hoih sakna a hih nak leh pom ding zuih ding cih bangin koih uh a, a tawmzaw mite’ muhna le sanna awlmawh nawnlo uh a hih manin kilang neihna piang sak hi. “Ei, mipite (we, the people)” cih kammal in a mau lam a pang miteng bek huam sak uh a, a mau tawh a kithuah lo mite pen huamsak zolo uhhi.

Ukna paizia (Bureaucracy) leh nasepna ah zuih ding thumeilette (policies) peuhmah awlmawh nawnlo in sem in bawl uhhi. Thukhun, ngeina paizia leh thu meilette zuih omlo in nasem a hih manin mipi kisapna leh mipi ukna ah muilim (effective) zo nawnlo hi. Gam sung vaihawmna, pawlsung vaihawmna ah ukna hoih (good governance) pia zo nawnlo hi. Sep leh bawl, ma lakna khempeuh a vaipuak sanna (accountability) ding semlo uhhi.

Populism in semkhiatna bek ultung sak in, sepzia le bawlzia nawl khin hi. (Populism empowers executives over legislatures).

Democracy ukna paizia ah mi khatpeuh in thuneihna a zat khialh (abuse) lohna dingin thukhun leh paizia kician bawl khiatna, pansanna pen a lo theilo a hihi. Thu bulphuh thu guipite a mualsuah zawhna dingin thukhun leh paizia dante bulkip takin bawl ding kisam hi. Mi honpi tawh lomluanna (populist movement) makai pawlkhat in pianzia ngeina thu bulphuh, thu guipite phiat in thukhun leh paizia thak tawh lumlet gawp ding sawm thei uhhi. Tua bangin na a sep tak uh ciangin, ukna thu neihna a khengval a zatna, a mau pawl a hilo mite pampaihna, suahtakna thu paipite nuaisiahna lampi a tawntawn uh hi a, kitelna na ngawn ah tamkim leh thuman (free and fair) omlo a kitelna ding gel khia uhhi. Mitam thu paulap in thu khun tungah tuang thei uhhi. Thuciin thusiah (merits) cih bang om sak nawnlo uh a, a lui khempeuh a hoihlo bangin mu sak uhhi.

Democracy leh populism in mipi tawh vaihawmna tuaktuak hi a, ki-valak mahmah na ciang khat nei na pi’n kibang kim taktak khinlo hi. Democracy in mipi deih palai tawh vaihawmna, ki-ukna leh paizia a hihna zui in thuneihna (power) zong a kibuk tuah (check and balance) dingin kilamzia kiptak nei hi. Tua ban-ah a tawmzaw mipite zong a kihuam khak, a kihum (protect) na dingin thukhun leh paizia kiptawh na sepna a hihi. Populism in mi honpi tawh mainawtna a hih mah bangin mi a tamzaw in a thukim leh hoih a sak nak leh kuamah awlmawh nawnlo; thukhun leh paizia ngeina, sepzia cihte peuhmah awlmawh nawnlo hi. Mi hon a tamzaw metna ding bek en in mainawt in sem hi. Mimal a tawmzaw, a thanem zaw mite aw ngaihna, zakna dingin bil dawh nawnlo hi. Thu neihna ngah hun sungin a omsa thuteng, paizia leh thukhun teng lumlet mang uh hi.

Khuahun khantohna zui in na khempeuh a manlang pen (high speed) vive tawh nasep hun a hih manin, mi khatbek i vaihawmna leh thu khensat ziau theihna pen khangthak pawlkhat in deihzaw mawkmawk thei hi. Tua bangin mi khat bek lutang dinmun ah dinna tawh nasepna ah lawhcin zawkna zong om tham mah hi. Committee or Board tawh thu kikup a paizia tawh gel in nasep sangin makai khat bek lutang mun ah ding vilvel a sep ziauziau pen muilimna (effectiveness) bangin kimu hi. Tua bangin a kisepna mun khempeuh a makaihzia pen mimal bulphuh makaihna (personalistic leadership) hi a, makaite in mi a tamzawte’ i mitmei bek veng uh a hih manin mi a tawmzawte aw (voice) kiza zolo a, a maute deihna leh metna dingin thu kigel ngeilo hi. Thukhun leh paizia cih omlo a hih manin a thazawm mite a dingin kidalna ding lampi om theilo hi. Populism pen mihon a tamzawte a dingin hoih a, mi a tawmzaw leh a thazawm mite a dingin hoihlo hi. Democracy pen mi a tamzawte a dingin hoih a, a tawmzaw leh a thazawm mite a dingin zong hoih lai hi.

February 16, 2024

Kipawlna pianzia leh ki makaihzia (The Nature of Organizations and Its leadership)

Hih mun ah “Kipawlna” cih kammal kizang i khiatna pen English a “Organization” kammal pen a gen nuam i hihi. Hih “Kipawlna- Organization” sungah “gam le minam vai, Kumpi ukna vai tawh kisai kipawlna (Governmental Organization), Sum met ngahna ding tawh kisai kipawlna (Business and Commerce), tualsung mipi phattuam na ding kipawlna (Community Organization), Biakna thu tawh kipawlna (Religious Organization)” dong huam hi. Tua hi a, kipawlna (organization) in sum met ngahna ding kipawlna (Profit organization) leh sum met ngahna ding hilo kipawlna (Nonprofit Organization) in khenpi nih in kikhen thei hi. 

Sum met ngahna ding kipawlna (Profit Organization) pan in i gen ut deuh a hih leh sumzonna pianzia leh ki makaih zia (Business leadership) hi a, sum met ngahna ding hilo kipawlna (Nonprofit Organization) sung pan in i gen ut deih a hih leh biakna pianzia leh kima kaihzia (Religious Leadership) a hihi. 

Hih kipawlna pianzia nam nihte i kilamzia (structures), kisapna (needs) leh tupna le ngimna (goals and purposes) tel theihna in, hun tom leh hun sau ah kipawlna (organization) i matutna dingin a kisam mahmah a hihi. Sum metna ngahna ding kipawlna (Profit Organization) leh sum metna ngahna ding hilo kipawlna (nonprofit organization) nampi nihte in a mau i sepsawmna (missions), a deihsak leh a tup uh mipite (target audience) leh buaina vensakna sepzia (problem solving strategies) a tuam tuak in nei uhhi. Pianzia kilam danna, ngimna kibatlohna, sepzia tuam tawh sepna leh paizia ngeina tuam neihna hangin makaih zia leh vaihawm zia pen tuam tuak a hihi.

Tupna (Purposes)

Sum met ngahna ding kipawlna (profit organization) in a mau kipawlna zui-in tupna tuamtuam a neih tek uh hangin mipi vanzangte (consumers) tungah a mau van bawlte (products) zuak in sum met ngah ding cih pen a vekpi a tupna kibang bulpi (primary goal) hi pen hi. Kipawlna (Company/Business) a nei mite (owners) leh a neikhawm (shareholders) mite a dingin sum le pai, neih le lam ah metna ding, punna dingin ngimna kician (clear financial goals) tawh kipan, kiphuh khia a hihi. Tua a hih manin vanzang mite (consumers) i duh theih ding, deih thei ding vante (products) leh sepna (services) bulphuh ding bawlkhiat (develop) ding masak hi. Gualzawhna, matutna leh mualsuahna (success) pen sum leh pai, neih le lam metna, punna tawh kiteh kipawlna a hihi. 

A langlam ah sum met ngahna ding hilo kipawlna (nonprofit organization) a hih leh, sum le pai metna, punna ding sangin kha thu vai (spiritual), tualsung vai (social issues), kim le kiang vai (environment) ah kilam danna, khanlawhna leh kepcingna a omna ding pen tup bulpi (primarily goal) in nei uhhi. Mihing nuntakna a kisam leitung nate (material needs) a hi, an nek (food), tui dawn (water), inn leh lo, siam sinna cihte mikim in ngah theihna ding leh mihingte sihnung vai (spiritual) ah lungmuanna ngah theihna ding na sep ding, piak zawh ding pen ngimna phungpi in koih zaw uhhi. Sih le hin kikal a thute vive zong a hih manin mikim in a ngahna ding, a neihna ding sepna leh vaihawmna a hihi. A sem, a bawl mite a dingin thalakna (motivate) mahmah thu hi na pi’n, lawhcihna, matutna leh mualsuahna (success) pen mit a muh theih sum le pai, neih leh lam tawh kiteh lo hi.

Sum le Pai (Funding)

Kipawlna - metna ding kipawlna (profit organization), metna ding hilo kipawlna (nonprofit organization) peuhmah in a tupna (mission) a mualsuah zawh na a nasepna ah sum zonna – sum tha kisam hi. Metna ngahna ding kipawlnate (profit organization) kipatna ding sumbul pen Bank, sum leitawi lakna leh sum tuh mi (investors) mite leh vante (products) zuakna pan in ngah thei hi. Metna ngahna ding hilo kipawlna (nonprofit organization) ciangin sum hawm (grants), sum kaihkhopna (fundraising), piakkhopna (donation) tungtawn in sum lut a hih manin kum sim in sum gelna (budget) kibang denlo hi. Nonprofit Organization in a ngah uh sumte a kizatna ah mawhpuakna lakna leh selsim omlohna (accountability and transparency) limtak in zui uh a, a tupna uh tunna dingin a kizat ding bek masak uhhi. 

Mipi kibatlohna (Diversity of Audience)

Metna ding kipawlna (profit organization) in a mau vante lei in metna a piangsak thei ding mipite tawh kizopna a hoih ding gelna nei uhhi. A mau metna ding a piangsak lo mipite pen awlmawh lua lo, kitheih mawhbawl lel uh hi. Metna ding a hilo kipawlna (nonprofit organization) leuleu ciangin a mau sepna pen mikim in phattuamna a ngah ding gelna nei uhi. Kuamah nawl khin theih omlo in, mikim kisap na a kicingsak thei ding nasep a sem uh hi.

Kipawlzia ngeina (Organizational Culture)

Kipawlna i tupna (mission) kibat lohin kipawlna sungah paizia ngeina kilam dang sak hi. Metna ding kipawlna (profit organization) in sum le pai, neih le lam ah metna ding, punna ding tupna nei a hihna zui in nasem mite sepsiamna bulphuh hi. Company leh business i hun tom (short term) leh hun sau (long term) ah metna leh punna a ngah na dingin nasem mite zat ding leh tha piakna pen nakpi tak in ngim (focus) hi. Metna ding hilo kipawlna (nonprofit organization) in tualsung mipi bulphuh (community oriented) zaw a hih manin sum leh pai ah metna leh punna ding tampi a om kei zongin mipi nuntakna ah kisam van le nate ngahna dingin sunglut in na sem hi.

Zum nasemte (Staffs)

Metna ding kipawlna (profit organization) a zum nasem mite pen thaman leh sum kipia a kicial nasemte hi a, nitha- khasum tam ngah zaw thei hi. Nasep khiatna (productivity) zui in thaman kipia a hihi. Metna ding a hilo kipawlna (nonprofit organization) a hih leh, sum leh thaman piakloh kipum piak nasem (volunteer staff) tungah kilim ngak zaw hi. Kipum piak a nasem mite veina leh supna hangin kipawlna i tupna a tangtunna ding a kisam sum pia mite (donor) in mailam ah a piak khiatna uh kilam dang hi. 

Makaih zia (Leadership)

Metna ding kipawlna (Profit organization) leh Metna ding hilo kipawlna (nonprofit organization) nampi nih kikal ah a pianzia, a tupna, a kilam zia cihte hoih tak in khentel siamna in makaih zia zong a kibat lohna mu thei pah ding hi.

Metna ding kipawlna (profit organization) ah vaihawm makaite nasep zia pen vengsiang (clear) mahmah hi. A hangin, tua kipawlna (company, business) pen mi khat bek i neih a hi a, mi pawlkhat i neih khop (corporation) a hi phial zongin makaite i vaipuak lianpen a hih leh, sum leh pai ah metna leh punna ngah ding hi a, tua metna te pen tua company/business nei mite tungah hawm kik ding a hihi. Hih company/business a panmun len mite pen makai bek hilo uh a, a mau metna leh punna ngahte pen a mau tan/neih ding a hih manin metna bulphuh (profit oriented) makaihna zang a neite (owners) zong hipah uhhi. Makaite, company le business nei mite i bulphuh thupi pen a hih leh a mau kipawlna pan in sum leh pai, neih le lam tampi met sak ding, pun sak ding a hihi. Tua a hih manin makaih zia pen tua metna leh punna a pia thei ding, thu khensatna leh sepna ah a tang-tai (straight-forward) penpen dingin tung-nuai (top-down) kizopna leh makaih zia zatnop pen suak hi. Thupiak (command) piakna a luansuk mengmeng theihna dingin galkap sung ki-ukna nam leh Chief Executive Officer (CEO) panmun makaih zia zatnop pen hi. 

Metna ding a hilo kipawlna (nonprofit organization) sungah makaite i vaipuak lian pen a hih leh “a mau mimal metna leh punna ding hilo, kipawlna i tupna mualsuah zawhna dingin” vaihawmna leh sepna a hih manin Boards (or) Committees tawh nasep pelmawh kul hi. Hih kipawlna nam pen mipi metna leh punna dingin tupna leh ngimna (goals and purposes) nei a hih manin mimal khat leh mi khenkhat bek in aituam neih theih hilo hi. Metna leh punna dingin nasem lo a kicih tak ciangin mimal leh mi khenkhatte metna leh punna ding a gen bek hi a, kipawlna i tupna leh ngimna sep khiat zawhna dingin sum le pai kisapna a phawklo hilo hi. Kipawlna pen tupna leh ngimna bulphuh a nasem hi zaw a hih manin Boards (or) Committees meeting na ah sum le paai vai bek hilo in mipite nuntakna a lamsang ding leh sawtpi a khom ding khantohna cih bangin thulu tangzai pipite in munla zaw hi. Tua a hih manin makaih zia pen tangtai-suak (straight-forward) lo a, vialkawi (complex) zaw den hi. Vanzang mite (consumers) te kitangsap kibang kimlo a hih manin thu khensatna pen mi tampi kikup kul leh kidot (consult) kul a hih manin liangko kim vaihawmna (parallel leadership) bek in tupna leh ngimna (mission) lawhcinna piangsak thei hi. Tung-nuai (top-down) paizia zatna CEO tawh vaihawmna lemlo a, Director makaihna lemzaw hi.

Kipawlna pianzia telsiam lohna hangin a kituaklo pi kimakaih zia tawh tua kipawlna kibulh tuah kha thei hi. Makaihzia pen a kibulhna kipawlna i pianzia tawh a kituah kei leh kilem hetlo a, a kituah leh lah a hoihlo om lo hi. Makaih zia hoihlo kici pen a kibulh tuahna kipawlna (tem le paii) a kituak loh man na hi gige thei hi. 

January 15, 2024