The Myths of Panglong: Ethnicity and the Prospects for National Unity in Burma

Matthew J. Walton

In February of 1947, General Aung San, the young military leader who was quickly becoming the hero of the Burmese independence movement, met with leaders of the various ethnic minorities of Burma in the Shan town of Panglong to discuss their status within a soon-to-be independent Burma. At this time Aung San was also engaged in negotiations with the British, who were reluctant to allow the frontier regions—where the minority people lived—to gain independence at the same time as the rest of Burma. The British were sowing seeds of dissent among the minority people, in an effort to thwart Aung San’s goal of uniting all of the people of Burma.

Fortunately, the minority people trusted Aung San, listened to his proposal, and agreed that all the peoples of Burma should be treated equally, with all achieving independence at the same time. They demonstrated their support for a unified Burma by signing the Panglong Agreement on February 12, 1947, thus paving the way for the Constitution with which the Union of Burma was founded. February 12 was designated as Union Day, a celebration of the coming together of all the peoples of Burma, and a reminder to remember and preserve the spirit of Panglong.

PASIAN KHE GING ZA

Rev. Dr. J.M. Ngul Khan Pau

“A nitak ciangin huan sungah Topa Pasian a hong paina ging amaute in za uh a,

Topa Pasian' muh loh dingin mipa leh a zi, huan sung singte lakah a bu uh hi.”

Piancil 3:8.

Amasa in i Lai Siangtho simna nam nih in kingaihsun thei hi. Khatna, Pasian lampai ging za uh hi, ci-in kilet thei a; tua ciang, Pasian aw za uh hi, ci-in zong kilet thei hi. Ahizongin tuni adingin Pasian ‘lampai ging’ cih in ngaihsun khawm leng ka ci hi. Pasian in khe nei hiam? Ama khe tawh pai takpi mah hi ding hiam? Chrysostom in, “Vantung ka tutna leitung ka khe ngakna a ci Pasian khe tawh pai ding hiam? Mun khempeuhah om Topa tua huan neu khat sungah bangci pai ding hiam?” ci-in dotna bawl hi. Adam leh Eve mawhna sungah a sih zawh uh ciangin Pasian in Amah banga a bawlsa mihingte zong hi. Tua hangin tua huan neu khat sungah Pasian khe ging kiza hi.

Blacklisted Politician by BEPWN

Dear Laisim teng,
Kawlgam it a kineih a zehphi minam vai nasem te hih a nuai ah na sim dih ve vua leh!!

Blacklisted by - BEPWN

Book Review by Dr. Vum Son on "Religion and Politics among Chin" by Lian Hmung Sakhong

Book Review and Discussion: by Dr. Vum Son Lian Hmung Sakhong, 2000 "Religion and Politics among the Chin People in Burma (1996 –1949)," Studia Missionalia Upsaliensia LXXX, Uppsala University Table of Contents 1. Conversion to Christianity 2. The origin of the name "Chin" 2.a 2.a.i Previous studies on the origin of the name "Chin" 2.a.ii Colonial studies proving that "Chin" is not a native name   2.b.ii The foreign origin of the name "Chin" 2.a.ii.a Foreigners on the source of  "Chin" 2.a.ii.b Natives on the source of  "Chin" 2.b  Misrepresentations of others' work 2.c  Errors in tribal groupings and namings 3. Historical mistakes 3.a Hakha as the capital of Eastern Chinram 3.b Omissions I first came to know Dr. Lian Hmung Sakhong personally from political seminars related to the restoration of democracy in Burma , and since the inception of the Chin Forum in 1998 (?) we have been working together very closely under the Forum.  When Dr. Sakhong generously sent me a copy of his dissertation, "*Religion and Politics among the Chin People in Burma (1996 -1949)*," I felt honored and thankful to him that he valued my opinion.

Title Chronology for Zomis (Chins) in Burma Publisher Minorities at Risk Project Country Myanmar Publication Date 2004 Cite as Minorities at Risk Project, Chronology for Zomis (Chins) in Burma, 2004, available at: http://www.unhcr. org/refworld/ docid/469f3873c. html [accessed 13 April 2010] Chronology for Zomis (Chins) in Burma Date(s) Item Aug 1990 Burmese rebels appealed to donor countries to cut off aid to Rangoon and halt investments until Burma's military government hands over power to the winners of May elections. A rebel spokesman, Michael Thangleimang, the Secretary of the Chin National Front (CNF) stated, "Our military rulers will never hand over power unless holding on proved too costly for them. They do not care very much for international opinion, but they would care if aid was cut off" (Reuters, 08/22/90). Japan and Germany are the main aid donors to Burma. The CNF is a part of the 23-member coalition, the Democratic Alliance of Burma (DAB), which was formed in November 1988. Thangleimang said the DAB did not participate in the elections because "we had no illusions about the military rulers". He was in New Delhi to discuss the situation in Burma with Indian political parties. Jun 1991 The latest results broadcast by Rangoon Radio indicate that the two parties of the Chin minority group -- the Zomi National Congress (ZNC) and the Chin National League for Democracy (CNLD) B won 2 seats each in the elections for the 485-seat national parliament (BBC, 06/21/91). Jan 1992 Tarn Thang Lian Paul, a former parliamentary representative and the General Secretary of the ZNC, has been expelled from the party (Xinhua News Agency, 01/26/92). Mar 1992 Based on the submission of the Election Commission, the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) has abolished 9 political parties including the ZNC and the CNLD for various reasons. The Commission has also revoked the registration of some political parties. In scrutinizing political parties, the Election Commission stated that some have been unable to present specific party membership and party branch lists, others have even been unable to specify their party's political aims and objectives, and some of their responsible personnel have been found to be lacking in abiding by existing laws. Other parties reportedly had neglected their organizational activities because they thought their party's standing was based on representatives being elected. These parties have either failed to send lists of party strength or were not able to clearly present their political philosophy and programs. Feb 1993 During January of 1993, more than 45 hectares of poppy plantations were destroyed in northwest Myanmar's Chin state. In the past four years, Burmese police forces have destroyed over 2800 hectares of poppy plantations throughout the country (Xinhua News Agency, 02/07/93). Apr 1994 The 700-member national convention which has been meeting since January of 1993 has approved new guidelines on the structure of Burma's political system. The national convention consists of eight groups which represent national races, peasants, government servants, political parties, and those who were elected during the 1990 elections. The new guidelines state that the Republic of the Union of Myanmar will be comprised of seven states and seven regions and will be governed by an executive president. The seven states will each be associated with an ethnic group (the Shans, Kayins [Karens], Rakhines [Arakanese], Mons, Chins, KaChins, and Kayahs). The seven regions are mostly inhabited by Burmese people. Each of the states and regions will have its own legislature, judiciary, and administration. The national convention did not indicate when these new guidelines will be put into effect. As of early 1996, the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) still holds power in Myanmar (Asian Political News, 04/11/94). Aug 1996 The founder and former President of the Chin National Front (CNF) is in the custody of the SLORC. He was living in Mizoram (Japan Economic Newswire, 08/31/96). Jan 1997 Representatives of fifteen ethnic groups from across Burma, including the Chin National Front (CNF), attended a meeting in Karen-held territory on January 15. The groups signed the Mae Tha Raw Hta agreement which calls for the establishment of a democratic, federal union in Burma. Among those present at the meeting were representatives of the Wa, KaChin, Karenni, and Mon groups with whom the ruling junta has signed ceasefire agreements over the last few years. The delegates also expressed support for Suu Kyi and her party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), and for the need for a tripartite dialogue between the Burmese regime, the NLD, and ethnic groups. The State Law and Order Restoration Council's (SLORC) efforts to draft a new constitution were described as a "sham" (Inter Press Service, 02/12/97) Feb 1997 Seventeen ethnic rebel factions including the KaChin Independence Army (KIA) and the Karen National Union (KNU) meet in KNU-controlled territory under the banner of the newly-revived National Democratic Front (NDF). The NDF fought against the military in the 1970s and 1980s until the KIA signed a cease-fire agreement with the government in 1992. A spokesman says that several rebel groups are set to renege on their cease-fire deals and resume fighting. Reports indicate that the government has launched a military offensive in Karen areas to stop the groups from reuniting (Inter Press Service, 02/12/97; Reuters, 02/06/97). Feb 1997 The US State Department's Human Rights Country Reports notes that there are Chins among non-recognized refugees in India's northeastern states, particularly in Mizoram. Their presence is generally tolerated. Recent tensions between security forces and Chin National Front (CNF) insurgents operating in Burma have allegedly resulted in the detention, interrogation, and expulsion of some persons associated with the CNF (US Department of State, 02/97). Jul 1997 The Burmese government denies accusations by the US State Department that Rangoon is persecuting religious ethnic groups including the Chins, most of whom are Christians (British Broadcasting Corporation, 08/02/97). Aug 1997 Reports note that fighting between the Chins and the Burmese military is largely unreported. It also says Rangoon is offering rewards to Buddhists who marry Chin women and wean them away from the Christian church which is seen as the mainstay of secessionist activity (Federal News Service, 08/21/97). Aug 26, 1997 Canada and the US have imposed economic sanctions against Burma due to its human rights record (BBC, 08/26/97). Sep 1997 The Burmese military is focusing on recruiting students in Chin state through military-type middle schools in which orphans or young kids study. A former student says most of the 80 students at his school were sent for army training after completing the 8th standard (Bangkok Post, 09/20/97). Jul 1998 The Chin National Front (CNF) rejects the Burmese regime's preconditions for the opening of cease-fire talks. The preconditions include a surrender of arms by the Chin National Front (CNF) and the exclusion of political issues from the talks, with the exception of rural development (British Broadcasting Corporation, 07/22/98). Jul 23, 1998 Chin leaders back the demand of the National League for Democracy (NLD) that a parliament, mandated by the 1990 election results, be convened (The Nation, 07/23/98). Aug 1998 Amnesty International says that thousands of Chin refugees are fleeing to India. No further information is available (Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 08/06/98). Aug 26, 1998 Burma bans all ethnic members of the NLD from traveling to Rangoon to set up a parliament (BBC, 08/26/98). Aug 27, 1998 Small anti-government protests, some organized by students, are held in Chin state. Anti-government pamphlets are also distributed in Haka, the state capital. Reports note that the military has laid land-mines near its border with India to monitor the actions of the Chin National Front (BBC, 08/27/98). Sep 1998 In testimony before US politicians, U Bo Hla-Tint, a member of the opposition National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma stated that life for those living in Chin State and Sagaing Division, the parts of Burma that border India, has reportedly become increasingly difficult and dangerous. An estimated 110,000 Burmese refugees now reside in India with 50,000 currently in refugee camps and over 60,000 non-registered in the country. He says the outflow of refugees is due in part to the large-scale military buildup by the Burmese army. Since the early 1990s, over 20 new battalions of Burmese soldiers have reportedly been established in this area. In Chin State alone, there are now 10 battalions as compared to the one that was stationed there before 1988. This enhanced military presence has reportedly promoted an increase in human rights abuses. Along with the area's militarization, a number of infrastructure projects have been initiated by the regime: the building of roads, irrigation canals and dams, which are constructed almost exclusively through the use of forced labor. Villagers have also been taken as porters to carry supplies and ammunition and freedom of movement has been severely restricted. In many areas of Chin State a de facto curfew is in effect and those who do not comply are subject to fines and arrest (Federal News Service, 09/28/98). The news report notes that the Burmese regime has glorified Buddhism to a state religion and is guilty of-- not only persecuting people of a particular belief system -- but of using religion as a vehicle to foster tension, suspicion and resentment among the country's population. The regime has reportedly instituted a system of "punishment and rewards" based upon religious affiliation. The majority of people in Chin State are Christian, as are the Kukis and Nagas of the Sagaing Division. Refugees from these ethnic groups claim that Burmese soldiers have disrupted religious services and forced Christians to build Buddhist monasteries and pagodas in Christian villages. Churches and graveyards have been desecrated by being turned into army camps. In the Sagaing Division, the regime has allegedly placed restrictions on attending church services; it has destroyed churches and religious symbols and orders Christian pastors to obtain permission before they can perform their religious duties (Ibid.). Dec 1998 A Canadian company will conduct explorations for nickel and assorted minerals in Chin State (Mining Annual Review, 12/98). Dec 12 - 14, 1998 Burmese opposition groups state that twenty-three ethnic and political organizations attend a seminar on National Solidarity at Thoo Mwe Klo in Karen territory from December 12 to 14. The organizations sign an agreement that calls for the abolishment of the military government, the establishment of a democratic, federal union, the convening of the parliament based on the NLD electoral victory in 1990, and a ban on foreign investment until the regime changes. A Coordinating and Organizing Committee is formed to implement the organizations' decisions. Among those who sign the agreement are the All Burma Muslim Union, the Muslim Liberation Organization, the Arakan League for Democracy, the Arakan Liberation Party, the Chin National Front, the Chin NLD, the Karen National Union, the Shan Democratic Union, the ABSDF, and representatives of the Wa, Palaung, and Lau ethnic groups (British Broadcasting Corporation, 12/21/98). Feb 1999 Authorities report that 25 members of various anti-government armed groups have surrendered. They include members from the Chin National Army (CNA), Chin National Force (CNF), Kayin national union (KNU), and Naga National Council (NNC) (Xinhua News Agency, 02/17/99). Mar 1999 Jane's Intelligence Review states that India's intelligence organization, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), aided Burmese rebel groups in acquiring arms from Khmer Rouge members in Thailand for nearly two years. The groups include the Chin National Army, the Karen National Union, and the Arakan Army (03/01/99). Mar 17, 1999 Myanmar's government will no longer permit Chin women the right to tattoo their faces (Japan Times, 03/17/99). Jun 1999 Five minority groups still fighting the Burmese junta meet in Karen territory near the Thai-Burma to form an alliance. After two days of meetings, the groups agree to cooperate on military, intelligence, and political issues to unify the groups. Hosted by the Karen National Union, the meeting is also attended by the Shan State Army, the Arakan Liberation Party, the Karenni National Progressive Party and the Chin National Front. A commander of the Shan State Army says that the rebels are outnumbered 10 to 1 by the Burmese forces (Agence France Presse, 06/16/99). Topics: Zomis (Chins), SRC: http://www.unhcr. org/cgi-bin/ texis/vtx/ refworld/ rwmain?page= search&docid=469f3873c&skip=0&query=Zomi

SUKTE INDEPENDENT ARMY LEH A SEPNA UH

Theihmasak ding: Hih pen http://www.vaphual.net/sukte-independent-army-leh-a-sepna-uh-zomi-history/  pan kila kik a hih manin lai gelh ut te'n tua mun credit a piak ding a hihi. Lai sim mite thu theih behna a neihna ding ngimna bek a hihi.(Blog Owner)

Sukte Independent a phuankhiapa leh makaipa ahi Pu Hau Za Lian pen Sukte beh, Pu Sukte khang pan 14na, Pu Cin Thang pan khang 9na hi-in Suangzang khua ah Ukpi a sem Pu Pau Za Cin leh pi Zam Khaw Niangte tapa thumna hi a, 14.4.1912 ni-in Suangzang khua ah suak hi.

PILNA SINNA: Tedim Kawllai sangah 1920-1924 sung sin a, 1924 Pn 1927 sung tan 1 pan ta IV dong Tedim Anglo Vernacullar sangah 19271932 sung tan IV pan tan VII dong kah hi. Tan VII a on khit ciangin a pa kum tam khin ahih manin a pa’Ukpi [picture: Chin Levies with a captured Japanese flag] nasep huh in sangkah zom nawn lo hi.

Interviewn With ZBC GS Rev. M. Thawng Kam

[CG Note: Rev. M. Thawng Kam, an outgoing General Secretary of Zomi Baptist Convention (ZBC), now succeeded by Rev. Dennis Ngun Thawng Mang, was travelling in Europe in April, 2009, meeting Chin communities and churches in Norway, Denmark and Germany.

Being ordained in 1994, Rev. M. Thawng Kam joined ZBC as its General Secretary in 2007 after working as a pastor of Thantlang Baptisti Church and General Secretary of Thantlang Baptist Association (TABC). From 2004-05, he was doing his M.Th degree in Hong Kong.

During his trip to Europe, Salai Cung Cem Bik of Chin Community in Norway conducted an interview with Rev. M. Thawng Kam in Hakha-Chin, which was then translated into English by Van Biak Thang of Chinland Guardian.]

Dual Policy on Burma

Kanbawza Win Following a seven-month policy review, the American administration launched a "policy of pragmatic engagement with Burma," while President Barack Obama formally extended sanctions for another year, Assistant Secretary of State, Kurt Campbell of East Asian and Pacific Affairs said that "The United States stands by the Burmese people in their desire for a more democratic, prosperous, and peaceful nation." Will that rhetoric sound hallow or will be follow up by actions is still to be seen.

Zomi Paunak Hilhcianna (M - P)

1.               Maitang singhawng belh = Maizum zong khualzo lo. 2.               Makthak sih leh zingguah zuu = . 3.               Mang a tuidawn bang = . 4.               Mei khu lian zawzuan = A nuam a lim omna bek lunggulh, lungsim cihtakna, itna taktak neilo, a haksa thuak ngap lo, uisan. 5.               Mei kuang paisuak = Thuneu cik khatin thulianpi a piangsak. 6.               Mei-am sikkhak bang = .

Zomi Paunak Hilhcianna - (H-M)

By Hau Za Cin           1.               Hakai pahtak lungheng = Muanluat muan banglo. 2.               Hausa khualzin bang = Nuamsa, vanpua lo lampai, khualzin. 3.               Hausa thu leh naupang thu (Man in general, are but great children- Napolean.) = Naupang thu leh hausa thu kinial theilo, kinial zolo. 4.               Hausa ziak in tuikuangban = Mi khat nopsakna, letna mi nautangin noptuam pih.

ZOMI PAUNAK HILHCIANNA (A-G)

By Hau Za Cin 1.               A hing a vankai omlo = A si ding vive hi hang. 2.               A si masa puantuam tang = A si masa te a it ding, a ngai ding hau, hampha zaw. 3.               A zu a va in zong bu nei = Ganhing natawm in kei a hi cih theih ding munkip nei. 4.               Aisa bang a guh pua nung = Kileh bulh. 5.               Aisa kua han, tapkual han = Ama mun bek ah hangsan, mun dangah dawilok. 6.               Aisa lo-ngek a zol bang = 7.               Ak geh zawngkhal bang (Ak pulsi ding bang) = Ngui, maitai lo, cidam lo. 8.               Ak gilgap bang = .

Zomite na sep na Tangthu

Agelh J. Thang Lian Pau Minam khat in ka gam ka lei a cih ding gam khat neih ding pen baih het lo hi.  A neisate in zong a gam a lei uh it in, gal leh sa lakah a khahsuah lohna dingin ahih theih zahun keem tek uh hi.  Tua mah bangin I pu I pate in zong I gam I lei hu a, a khang a khanga gal leh sa a dona uh gen ding tampi om hi.  Zogam la dinga British galkapte hong kuan lai taka I pu I pate in a hih zawh zahun Mikang galkapte nangin, a do mah bangun, Mikang ten Zogam hong lak khit ciangin zong Zogam pan Mikang galkapte nohkhiat kik sawmin hih theihnana pan do tawntung uh hi.  Tua hanga Mikangte khut thuak minthang masa pen Pu Thuam Thawng leh a tapa Tg. Pau Dal, Pu Kai Tuah leh Pu Khai Kamte hi a, 1898 kuma Mikangte phualpi Thuamvum (Kennedy peak/ Fort White) a simna uh pan Mikang galkapte in man in, Pu Thuam Thawng leh tapa Pau Dal pen Kendat thongah puak uh a, hih thongah a pata-un si uh hi. Pu Kai Tuah leh Pu Khai Kam pen khantawn gotna kipia a, Pu Kai Tuah pen Myingyan thongah, Pu Khai Kam pen Andaman tuikulh (Island) pekah puak uh hi.

Zozu le Pau Cin Hau's Contexualazation

By Suang Dal

Pau Cin Hau Kua hiam? (Who is Pau Cin Hau?)

Pau Cin Hau pen Ciimnuai Zomi khat hi. 1859 kum in Tedim khua ah suak hi. Pau Cin Hau's Lai (or Laipian Lai) i cihcih pen a mukhia pa hi. Laipian biakna pen Tedim gam le Tonzaang kuam tengah om hi. Dawi thoih zuihna tawh a nungta a kangto mite' lak ah amah zong khat ahi hi. 1888 pan 1902 hunsung tengin a ci nana-a, dawi a thoihthoih hangin damthei lo hi. Baal kamsangte' dawi thoih mah bang lel hi.1902 kum in kha (spirit) khat in Zomite' Lai ding 'laimal' honkhat pia hi ki ci hi. A muhkhiat laimal pen 1050 pha in Zopau awkaihte gelhkhiat theihna dingin kicing hi ci uh hi. A kum kik leuleu ciangin muhcian-lohna (maangmuhna) khat ngah leuleu hi. A maangmuhna sungah mi khat Ni (SUN) tungah tuangin sakol hawl bangin hawl in, a vaang tang pha mahmah hi ci hi. Tua Ni a hawlpa in Pau Cin Hau kiangah kei nong bia diam ci-in a dot leh Pa Hau in zong tua ahih leh nang kua na hiam ci in dong kik hi. Tua ciangin Ni sakol hawl-a a hawl pa in Pa Hau kiangah "Kei pen vantung leinuai, ni, kha, aksi a bawl pa le cina damsak thei pa ka hi hi" a cih ciangin Pau Cin Hau (Pa Hau) in zong tua Pasian muang in biak ki pan hi. Tua hun a, ki pan in ngeina lui sung-a dawi thoih thuzuihna nusia in, Pasian biak ki pan a, dawlkhat (step) khat khangto cih ding hi.

A moral challenge in time of political crisis

Zaw Naing Wynn, Australia

Not many Burmese nowadays can remember and think of Bogyoke Aung San and reflect his philosophy and approach to Burma’s freedom and unity. Especially in time of the current political crisis facing Burma today, many in large number have forgotten who he was and what he stood for.

But why so many of us did not get his political philosophy and his principles? Did we just listen but not heard them? Or we read but not understood them? Or have we just got selective memories of them?

နိုင္ငံေရးအမြန္းက်ပ္ဆံုးအခ်ိန္ကာလမွာျဖစ္ေပၚလာတဲ ့အက်င္ ့သိကၡာစိန္ေခၚမႈႀကီးတရပ္

ေဇာ္နိုင္၀င္း

ယေန ့ကာလမွာ လူအမ်ားစုဟာ ျမန္မာျပည္လြတ္လပ္ေရး့နွင္ ့့စည္းလံုးညီညြတ္ေရးအတြက္ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ေအာင္ဆန္းဘယ္လိုစဥ္းစား ခ်ဥ္းကပ္၍ ေတာင္းဆိုမႈေတြျပဳလုပ္ခဲ ့ရသလဲ၊ သူဟာဘယ္ လိုလူစားလည္း၊ သူ ့ရဲ ့အေတြးအေခၚေတြဟာ ဘာေတြလည္း ဆိုတာကို ျပန္လည္ ထင္ဟပ္ေပၚ လြင္ေအာင္စဥ္းစားဆင္ျခင္သူ သိတ္မရွိႀကေတာ ့ပါဘူး၊

ဒါေပမဲ ့ ဘာျဖစ္လို ့က်ေနာ္တို ့အမ်ားစုဟာ သူရဲ ့နိုင္ငံေရးအေတြးအေခၚခံယူခ်က္၊ အေျခခံကိုယ္ က်င္ ့တရားေတြကိုမရႀကတာလဲ၊ က်ေနာ္တို ့နားေထာင္ေနျပီး မႀကားတာလား၊ (သို ့) က်ေနာ္ တို ့ဖတ္ျပီး နားမလည္တာလား၊ (သို ့) က်ေနာ္တို ့ႀကိုက္တာေလးေတြကိုယ္ပဲ ေခါင္းထဲမွာမွတ္ ထားႀကတာလားလို ့ေမးစရာေတြျဖစ္လာပါတယ္၊

FAILURE AS STEPPING STONE OF SUCCESS

J.M. Ngul Khan Pau

His teachers considered him to be a lazy student. One said he was convinced he would never amount to anything. Another said, “If Marshal Rommel ever hands in a dictionary without a mistake we'll hire a band and go off for a day in the country.”

That was all the incentive young Rommel needed. He immediately sat up, paid attention, and turned in a dictation without one single error. He obviously could do the work if he wanted to and if there was sufficient enticement to get him to make the effort! When the promised award was not forthcoming, however, Rommel fell back into his old ways.

SUKTE INDEPENDENT ARMY

The founder of Sukte Independent Army Pu Hau Za Lian was born in royal family clan on April 14, 1912 at Suangzang Village in Tedim Township. When he becomes 8th year old he studied at the Burmeses School 1920-1924 and continues His education at Tedim Vernacular School Standard I-VII 1924-1932. He could not continue his education, because of his father Pu Pau Za Cin as the chief of Suangzang was become old and requested to assist his father.

Lai Siangtho Khat, Labu Khat

Rev. G.K.Nang

Zomite pumkhat ding deih tekin, hoih zong sa tek hang a, ahi zongin koici bangin pumkhat suak thei ding cih lampi geelna taktak om khol lo hi ci-in ka mu hi. Pumkhatna i cih ciangin Pawlpi tawh a kisai tei hangin lai lamah pumkhat ding cih lam gen zaw ding hi hang. Lai Siangtho leh Labu a tuamtuam kibawlin Pawlpi kim phial in i neih tak ciangin i laksak, i kammal zatte hong kibang nawn loin pumkhatna siasak semsem ahih manin tua lam i suut sawm ding hi.

Book about Burma

Laisimte,
Kawlgam sungthu leh la a kan nuam te a dingin laisim sim ding a hoih laibu minte kong koih hi.

Books About Burma

A hoihzaw gam zuan a zin

By Upa N Chinsum

“A hoihzaw gam zuan a zin, Gamdai nisatna ka pai;
Pa, Na khut in honlen in, Honpii honhuai zel in.”
- Ira D Sankey.

A hoihzaw gam, Vangam zuana zin lam I pailai in I biak Pasian in A khut hat-a honglen in hong tonpih a… Delhi Zomi Christian Fellowship (DZCF) in kum 25 mel mu ahita. Thupi mahmah maw. Hun nuam hun haksa-a hong taisan/ ensan ngeilou I biak Pasian minthangta hen! Ama’n Delhi Zomite hichiang hong tunpih lai in, DZCF’ hun paisa, tuhun leh mailam hun ngaihsut louh theihlouh thu ahi. Tua’man in tawm kikum dih ni.

HUN PAISA: A’ khawvak mu masalam mi bangzahhiamte’n 21 January 1972 in Daijang khawta, Manipur CCpur district ah Zomi National Congress (ZNC) ana phutkhia ua, tua pen ei Manipur Zodawn suakte laka Zomi (Zo suan) nationalism hong kipatna hidan in chiamteh theih hi. ZNC president leh secretary masa Pu T Gougin, leh Pu Semkhopau Samte @ Pu SK Samte te ahi uh.

Zotang khat ,Tg.Tual Suan Tuang in M.A (Economics ) ngah na

USA gam Tennessee state Nashville khua a teng Pa Awn Sian Pau leh Nu Man Lam Niang te i tapa upa pen Tg. Tual Suan Tuang in tuni (May 14, 2010) ni in, Vanderbilt University pan in Master of Arts (Economics) sangpi tak tawh hong zo hi. Amah, Tg. Tuang in M.A degree pen Graduate Program in Economic Development ah Most Outstanding Thesis Award (2010) hong ngah lai hi. Amah pen Kawlgam ah Ngal Bual khua ah suak a,a mah i siamsinna leh matutnate a tom in hih a nuai ah kong gelh suk hi.

Pau Cin Hau Script

Zomite sungah Laipian pa a kici Pu Pau Cin Hau lai tawh kisai hih tengah na et sak in.
Paucinhau Script

Burma Or Myanmar

Laisimte,
Galkap kumpi in Gam min, khua min a ut dandan ua, a khek kawikawi na uh tawh kisai in a sim utte a ding in, hih lai ah lai kigelh hong koih ing.
Burma or Myanmar[1]

Than Shwe Unmasking Burma's Tyrant

Ko'ng zahtak laisim mi khempeuh,

Kawlgam galkap Mangpi Than Shwe in gam bup thu neihna a let suak theihna ding in, a galkap puan suah in Mipi makai a kineihna sim huai sa ka hih manin hong koih ing.
Suanpi

Than Shwe Unmasking Burma’s Tyrant

Former CNF president, No Than Kap, responded to CNF

Let the People Know (Response to "The People Want to Know") From: John KKThang (alias) NTK Ex-President of CNF (N.B. Response can be seen at the end of each question or accusation. No 1- 4 have to do with others and so omitted) Subject: The People Want to Know By: One of CNF leaders (unnamed man/men) 1. XXX  2.XXX 3.XXXX 4. XXX

CNF/A activities documented by Lalrawng Bawla

Recognization: CNF/A and her groups are recognized as Terrorist and who helping her or coopperartivivly working with her wholehearrtedly support to the terrorist in Chin State in Myanmar" by the native people. "CNF/A collect money for to buy arms to killed hr own blooded people and The Military collect money for to build roads and bridges"  "The history of Dally (7) why and how she was killed that at that night about 9pm she was coming along with the Chin leaders and took the taxi. Where they will go we do know, however. We always watching the Imbi area, because who are from Burma (Chin or CRC) people are living here raise many crimes especially every Sunday evening because of most people are drunk. Through the rumor of from Burmese (Chin) that Dally(7) was killed by her father' friends. Therefore we are not longer responsible for. May they could solve themselves that problem" said Federal CID Director D.C. Wan. In connection with the dead of Dally (7) is responsible to CNF leaders and her groups (Dr. Sui Khar, Dr. Lian Hmung Sakhong, Zing Cung and the most closed connection persons are Phelemon Sang Lian Ceu and Salai Za Uk Ling Editor of Chin Guardian News, Konumthung News and Rhododendron News who also working as coordinator of Suaram in Malaysia)

The Arrest of CNA man

ALl,
The following is unofficial translation of the FHP's public information:
HM

============ ========= ========= ========= =========
Dated: Web, 21 Nov 2007 12:25:04 + 000
From: “humhual” humhual@gmail. com
To: buannel@yahoogroups .com
Sunject: The Arrest of CNA man

Dear Brothren,
The FPH arrested Lal Ram Cuan (Tlang Khua) at Zathlir Village. He was sent by CNA with M16 gun and bombs to kill the FHP leaders. He was brought to Falam on Noverber 18 and was transferred to Hakha on Nov 19.

This man shot Lungpi Village head, Pu Ngun Bik but missed that Pu Ngun Bik escaped. Wherever he went, he by force collected money from villages of the Falam district.

Zomite thukhenna "Kam Hau Upadi" (ဥပေဒ)

KHAMTUNG ZOMITE' THU KHENNA                  KAM HAU UPADI   NGEINA LAIBU (Chin's Rules)   Thu masa Khamtungah Maangkaang kumpi hong kahtoh ma Sukte ukpipa Khanthuam' tapa Kamhau' khan' lai-in, Tedim leitang khempeuh hong ngah khin a, ama uk sungah thusia thupha a om ciangin thukhen ding Tedim khua panin (1) Pauvum, Sukte. (2) Khoilam, Hatzaw. (3) Maanggin, Hatlang. (4) Kimthuam, Zillom. (5) Pau-am, Samte. (6) Cinkim, Samte.(7) Telkhaat, Hatzaw, hih teng tawh vaihawmin hih laibu sunga bangin thukhenna hong bawl uh hi.               Tua nung sang Tedim gam sungah thusia lasia hong om ciangin hih laibu sung a bangin thukhenna nei uh hi. Tua bangin nidang lai-in thukhenna a na om hangin a laibu-in na omlo hi.   Tua a hih manin THUKHENA NGEINA a om bangbangin hih laibu a simte in, Aw, nidanglai a "ZOMITE' THUKHENNA" hih bang a na hi ta ve maw ci a a theih nading deihna tawh hih laibu hong kibawl a hi hi.   Tua banah khamtung mi khempeuh in Khamtung Zomi, Hausa, Ukpi-te in, thukhenna ngeinate thei leh a kuama peuh in mawhna khialhna nei ngamlo ding hi ci-in ngaihsutna nei ka hih manin hih laibu kong gelh hi.                                                Laibu gelh kum:                                              Laibu gelhpa: 1925                                                              Sd/-                                                                       Pilot:                   1.Thu neite' zuih ding thu:      (a) Thu neite peuhmah in hausate kiangah thu khat peuh a kohciangun, hausa upate' mai-ah zu phel khaat tuak lup masa ding uh hi.    (b)   Tedim mi peuhmah khat leh khat thu kingeih a, Hausa upa kiang hong tut ma-un amau leh amau a kilemsa thute a hih leh hausate' kiangah tun thei nawnlo ding hi. Tua bangin a tut hangin thu suak thei nawnlo ding hi.   2.Logam thu: (a)    Leitang thak khawh nailoh mi khat leh khat a kituh leh, Hausa upa in a kikimin hawm sak ding hi. Tua ciangin a ki tuhte lungkim lo-in, Hausate' thu a nial vua leh a nihun a lo uh taanin midangte kipiak sak ding hi. (b)    Mi khat peuh lo ki tuh a hausa upa in na khawl dih un cinapi khawl nuamlo a a khawh teitei leh, hausa upa in thu a khen ciangin a khawh nasa atan leh thaman loh lo ding hi. (c)    Lo hawmna sa khat leh khat gi kituh a, Gisuang bot a a gi a khin leh, Hausa upa in a khinpa vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat gam a, hausa leh a gente in ne hi. Tua ciangin a lo gi a ngeina bangin phut kik hi. (d)    Lo neite in hoih tak a sialdai akaih, min honsak a, gan khat peuh in lo sung a an a nek leh a an bei zahzah leh vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau-in seh thum suah seh khat tekin hawm ding uh hi.   3.Sing leh gua thu (a)     Lo lai-ah lo neite in mim leh taang dep a a hawi sing deihtak peuh mah, midangte in phuk a a suih leh vok tuk 3 leh zu phelkhat liau a, seh thum suah seh khat, lo neipa in inn sian, seh khat a gente in hawm ding uh hi. (b)     Dai gei a sing halh a ki guk sak a om leh, vok tuk thum khat leh zu phel khat liau a, a vok leh a zu hausate in ne hi. Tua ciangin a sing guk teng a neipa piakik sak hi.  (C) Lo sung a hi zongin gam lak a hi zongin, haikung a phuk a om leh vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, Hausa leh a gen te'n ne uh hi.     Singno deihtaak khat peuh lo lai hi leh huang sung hi leh a ki    suksiatsakte, vok gual khat leh zu phel khat liau a, a vok singno nei te'n tang hi.   (d) Khuamual a hi zongin han a hi zongin a ki gelhsa lai a susia a om leh, a susiate a cialna a bei zah alang liau uh a, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gente ading vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (e)    Lo hawm nai lohna a gua po pen, min hah a, lo hawm ciangin a hahpa in tua lo a ngah kei leh a hahpa in a hahsa teng phukin a po thak teng loneipa /lo ngahpa in ngak ding hi. (f)      Inn gua ahi zongin gamgua ahi zongin, a gua hahna min a suksiatsak leh, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, seh thum suah seh khat thu neipa in seh khat inn sian, seh khat a gente in hawm ding hi. (g)    Guaduai susiate vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, seh thum suah seh khat a nei pan seh khat inn sian, seh khat a gen te'n hawm uh hi. (h)    Mi khat in gua suan a, mi khat peuh in tua gua a bawh khiat sak leh vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, seh thum suah seh khat a nei pan tangin, seh khat inn sian, seh khat a gen te'n hawm uh hi.    4.Gan annekna thu: (a)     Sial, Bawng, Lawi, Sakol, tua teng May – June kha dong ciang kicing ciat ding hi. Tua sung tengin cing nuam lo a mi' an anek sak leh, gan khat tungah vok tuk 3 khat leh (b)     zu phel khat liau a, a lang tuakin lo neipa leh ukpipa in hawm sak hi. (c)     Sialtal sang li neisa leh, sialpi no nei a no inn nuai-ah om a, a pi vai a kuan ciang, mi lo a an a nek leh bangmah thu suak theilo hi. (d)     Khuakim a sial tual lo kho te'n a kim kot a dai a kaih kei a, gan in an anek sak leh, bangmah thu omlo hi. (e)     Huan sung an po zawh, vok a hi a kel a hi zongin ta a, an a nek a  a huan neipa in a den lup khak leh a gan lang hawm ding a, agan man lohin a nek man liau saklo ding hi.   5.Thang bawlna thu: (a)    Inn a ki khawi gan phakna sungah, Gumto thangsiah a om a, gan khat peuhpeuh kia-in a awk leh a gan bangbangin loh ding a, zu phel khat zong liau hi. Tua zu pen hausate in ne hi. (b)    Gan khawk pua, gam lapi panin ganhingte kia a gan a awkte thang neite in a gan a lang man ne-in, a gan man a lang leh zu phel khat liau hi. Hausa leh a gen te'n tua zu ne hi. (c)    Gumthang, pialthang, singluang thangah mi khat peuh a awk a, a sih leh sialpi khat kawsah satin inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gente' adingin vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (d)    Gum thang a a awk a tuakte in a thang neite a koh ciangin, a koh manin a liang khat tang hi. (e)    Thang a sa awk a tuak te'n, a thang neite ko lo a a sut leh Guta suak hi. (f)      Ngal, vom, sazuk tua teng a sa a late, vok tuk thum 5 leh zu phel khat liau a, thang nei te'n vok tuk 3, inn sian vok tuk 3, a gen te'n vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (g)    Sakuh, sakhi, sathak, tua teng sa alate, vok tuk 3 leh zu phel khat liau a, thang nei te'n vok tuk 3 khat, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi.   6.Khutkhial thu (a)     Mi' sihna ciatciat kibang lo hi. Sa sa a kikap kha, sakappa' thautang paisuak kha, thau bawl a khahsuah kha, khat leh khat kibuan a kamsiatna tawh a si, suangtum lawn a asi, tua bang teng a site khutkhial a hih manin, lawi 5 leh vok tuk 4 khat zu phel khat tawh liau a, lawi khat inn sian, vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat agen te'n hawm a, a dang teng a liam te'n tang hi. (b)     Sial, bawng, lawi, sakol,kel, ui, tua teng lo lai ta a hi zongin, gam lakah a hih zongin, min sa sa-in a kap lup leh, a pha ciacia-in loh kik  hi. (c)     Mit ki sukhial, khe ki sukhial, khut ki sukhial, bil ki sukhial, nak kisu khial, muk ki sukhial a melsia a mittaw khelbaite khut khial a hih ciangin sial zabo khat liau a, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gente' adingin vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (d)     Ki khat sihna, zu nunna, sivuina lampi ahi zongin mei-ek leengin, inn a kat sak leh, zu phel khatin siatvat hi. (e)     Zununna a hi zongin, nopna dahnate-ah, zu nek, sa nekna a a kikawm belte, lungham thangsia a a ki tamsakte in a bel bangbang leh zu phel khat liau hi. A zu hausa leh a gen te'n ne hi. (f)       Bel kawm a, anhuanna, sa huannate a ki siat sak leh, a bellman zahzah leh zu phel khat liau aa zu hausate in ne hi. (g)     Zununna a hi zongin, sa nekna peuh mahah, bel kikawmin hehna omlo pi-in a ki khuai khak leh bangmah thu omlo hi. (h)     Mi khat in sakol sap kawm a, a sih leh sakol man zahzahin loh hi. A hi zongin bang zah, bang zah hi ta leh a sap a hih nak leh, sakol lang man bek loh hi.   7.Meihal thu: (a)     Mi khat in gamlak, lo, sing, gua a hi a, an a hi zongin, deih theih peuh mah March kha detma-in, kem ding a tua kha det ma-in kemlo-in a kat leh, bangmah thu omlo hi. (b)     March kha det ma-in gam hal om a lo a kat leh a maang ni khat tomsak hi. (c)     Sing, bi, gua, tua teng a kat leh, aman zahzah loh hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh tuate a tai thei hilo hi. (d)     Mi khat in mun khatah gam kihal a, ki pehpeh a, mi a kang zongin inn a kang zongin a tuam a kihal hi kei peuh leh bangmah thu omlo hi. (e)     Mi khat in gitloh tumin, inn halsak a, a inn akat tum leh a inn man zah lohin, innsian vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat liausak hi. (f)      A inn kang a ki phelh zawh a, inn tawm bek a kat leh a hal te'n, sial za bo khat tawh, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gente' ading vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (g)     Khualzin hi a, gam vak a hi zongin, mi' inn tungin dangka, tau bel, khi, zamte pua-in, tuate tawh a kat kawm khak leh bangmah thu omlo hi. (h)     Mi khat peuh mah in gitloh tumin, mi' buk khat peuh a halsak leh a tung a inn katna tawh ki bangin liau hi.   8. Dawitanna a Zehphitna thu: (a)    Pusa dawi zehphitte vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phelkhat liau hi. (b)    Vok zehphitte vok gual 3 leh zu phel khat liau hi. (c)     A dawi zehphitna a zehphitte a gawh ciacia a lang leh zu phel khat liau hi. (d)    Tualbawlna-ah sialin bawl a ui-in a bawl zongin, KAMHAU' uk sungah kitang lo hi. Uk pua peuh mah in ong phit leh a gawh ciacia hong loh hi. (e)    Dawitanna-ah sawl a ki ban kei leh thusuak lo hi.   9. Guktakna thu (a)     Guta peuh mah bangbang hi leh a neipa in a guk laitak a amat leh, a guk bangbang lakikin, innsian vok tuk 3 khat a gente' ading vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (b)    Mi hat peuh in sial, bawng, lawi, sakol kel a kipan ganhing khat peuhpeuh gu a, go a, zuak a hi zongin, a guk ciacia khat, inn sian zong a guk ciacia khat, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (c)     Mi khat in a ma sial lopi man a, a bil a at sak leh vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, seh thum suah seh khat sial nei pa'n, seh khat inn sian, seh khat a gen te'n ngah hi. (d)    Mi khatpeuh in ama sial lopi long a awhsak leh vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (e)     Mi khat in vok khat a guk leh a vok ciacia-in kha kik a, a guk tawh vok 2, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (f)      Mi khat in zawhngeu khat a guk leh vok gual 2 leh zu phel khat liau a,a zawhngeu piakik sak hi. Zawhngeu neipa in vok gual 2 tang hi. (g)     Mi khat in huang sung luhin ak aguk leh, vok tuk 3 leh zu phel khat liau a, ak neipa in tuk 3 khat, innsian khat, a gen te'n tuk 3 khatleh zu phel khat hawmin a ak ki lehkik saklo hi. (h)     Mi khat in huang sung luhin aktui a guk bek leh zong a tung a mah bangin liau hi. +   Naupang kum 7 nuaisiah in, ak, a hi zongin, aktui a hi         zongin, na              na khat peuhpeuh a guk hangin thu suak theilo hi. ( 9)   Sa peuhmah ahawmte' thu ngai lo a, a gu a om leh hausa pa in vok     tuk thum khat leh zu phel khat gam hi. (a)    Mi khat in mun khat a sa a koih a guksak a om leh vok tuk 3 thum leh zu phel khat liau a, thu neipa tuk 3 khat, inn sian tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (b)    Inn sung a sa kikoih a gute vok tuk 3 nga leh, zu phel khat liau a, sa nei pan vok tuk 3 thum, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (c)    Mi khat in vaimim, kawlmim, taang, kawlkai, hakai, simmai, ga, bal, be, leh nek theih peuh mah a gute, in a zah nihin loh a aguk tawh a zahnih pha hi. Inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gente' ading vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat ki liausak hi. (d)   Khualzin gamvak gilkial khat in kawltu khat khiak a akhamval a apuak, a paih leh vok gual khat liau a, a nei te'n tang hi. (e)    Kawl mimtu khiak a agui lo bukah a koih leh thusuak lo hi. (f)     Kawltu, sahawk, mai, nahtang, siing, cihte a gu a om leh vok gual 2 leh zu phel khat liau a, vok gual nih a nei te'n tangin zu phel khat a gen te'n ne hi. (g)    Upa khualzin gamvak a gilkial te'n, a nek leh bangmah thu omlo hi. Ahi zongin seng leh bawmin pua theilo ding hi. (h)    Dangka gukna thu panin, bang zah bang zah agu zongin, a guk zahzah a zah kkhat awh loh kik ding hi. Inn sian leh a gente' ading anuai abang a hi hi. (i)      Dangka pek khat pan 20 ciang aguk leh, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a   gente' ading vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi          Dangka 50 pan 100 ciang a guk leh inn sian vok tuk 4 khat, a  gente' ading vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi.       (j) Huang sung inn sungah, puanza, puanten, puanak, dial, nik,   lukham, za-ip, kawnggak, lukham, puan a min piang peuhmah a gute in, a guk zahzah a man zahnih lohin, a inn sung lut man vok tuk 3 thum leh zu phel khat liau hi.Tua sung panin hausa leh a gen te'n hawmin thu nei pan vok tuk 3 khat tang hi.   (10)  Taubel, zam, dakbu, daktal, saiha, tua teng a gute in,      aman zah tuatin, aman zah nih leh inn sian aman zah khat tawh a gente' ading vok tuk 4 khatleh zu phel khat liau hi. A man zah nih thu neipa in tang hi.   (11)  Khi thu panin bang khi bang khi hi mah ta leh, a gu a  om leh a  tung a mah bangin akhi bangin liau hi. (12)  Mi' ngawng a awh kim lai a sut agu a om leh, Ukpipa in vok tuk  3 thum atuamin gam dinga, ukpipa in tang ding hi. Khineite'ading in atung a tau bel thu mah bangin ki khensak ding hi. (13)   Bi, a gute a bi guk cia mahin loh a, zu phel khat liau hi. (14) zu phel khat Hanah a hi a khuamualah a hi zongin dial kikhai   agute vok tuk 3 liau a Hausa leh a gente in ne hi.   (15)  Akgia sawnkai song tung a suan leh vaphual mul inn asuan a gu a om leh vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, hausa leh a gen te'n ne uh hi. (16)   Huang sung hi ta leh lo sung hi ta leh, singno deihtak peuh mah a  susia a om leh vok gual khat leh zu phel khat liau a, hausa leh a gen te'n ne uh hi. (17)    Inngua ahi zongin, gam gua a hi zongin a hahsa peuh mah gu a Gua pum 10 nuaisiah a gu te'n, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu  phel khat liau a, gua nei pan, seh thum suah seh khat, inn sian seh khat, a gen te'n, seh khat leh zu phel khat hawm  uh hi.. (18)   Gua pum 10 tung siah a gu a om leh, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, Gua nei te'n seh thum suah seh khat, inn sian seh khat, a gen te'n seh khat leh zu phel khat hawm  uh hi. A gua pen a neite in tang hi. (19)   Guaheh bawlsa tang 100 tung siah a gu a om leh, vok tuk 3 thum  leh, zu phel khat liau a, Thu neipan vok tuk 3 khat, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi.    (20)  Mi khat in ngawi a kia ngasa a lak leh, vok tuk 3 thum leh zu phel khat liau a, ngawi neipa in tuk 3 khat, inn sian tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi.   (21)   Ngawi li a kisim sakte, sial za bo khat, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gente'n vok tuk 3 khat, liau a a sial ngawi neipa in tang hi.   (22)  Mi khat in khuai ken a guk leh khuai tawi a man zah tuatin hausa leh a gen te'n hawm uh hi.   10. Thu-imte: Mi' kiat suah van khat peuh mu te'n hausa upate' kiangah ko ding hi. Ko lo a a imcip leh guta suak ding hi. (1)    Sial, Lawi, bawng, sakol, kel, tua teng kenkia om a a mu a om leh, a neite dong masa lo a a sa a lak leh a gan man alang lohin, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gente' ading vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (2)    Khua sung dai kawm a ak, a denglum a om a, a sa a nek leh vok gualno 2 leh zu phel khat liau a, a vok gualno ak nei te'n tang hi. (A deng lum khate in deng lum kha ing, ci a tua aksi a neite a piak kik leh thu om theilo hi.) Gam sa liang leh inn saliang imte a nuai a ki gelh bangin liau  uh  hi. (3)    Sakuh, sakhi, sathak, saza, sazuk, tua teng liang a imte, liang khat tungah pek 6 tek liau hi. (4)    Tungsial, zaangsial, ngal, vom, tua teng liang a imte, liangkhat tungah, pek 6 tek mah liau hi. (5)    Sial, lawi, bawng, sakol, tua teng liang a imte liangkhat tungah pek 6 tek mah liau hi. (6)    Vok leh kel liang a imte liang khat tungah pek 3 tek mah liau hi. (7)    Ci siah peuhmah a imte, liang khat tungah, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi.   11. Mindaina thu:       (1) Mi khat peuh in, mi khat, mindai hen cihna tawh lai sung ahi zongin, kamin a hi zongin, gensia-in zum na'ng dai na'ng, a thu om lopi a om a bawl leh a gente vok tuk 3 thum leh zu phel khat liau a, thu nei pa'n tuk 3 khat, inn sian tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (a)     Mi khat in kauneipa/nu khat kiangah, "nang kau nei nu/pa," a cih leh lawi 8 leh zu phel khat liau a, thunei te'n lawi 5 tangin inn sian lawi 2, a gen te'n lawi 1, leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (b)    Mi khat in kau neite' kiangah, "kaunei aw," ci a a ko leh, vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat liau a,   vok leh a zu teng hausate in ne uh hi.(1st.Kau nei leh kau neilo a kitot a, kau nei pan kau nei lopa' heh nang a a tot masak a nang kauneipa a cih leh bangmah thu omlo hi. Numei tawh kipai kanin, innkuan kamkum a, kau nei hi ci a agente bangmah thu omlo hi.)    (2)   Mi khat in mikhat dangka a hi zongin, van khat peuh a hi zongin aguk lohpi gu hi ci a suatkhialh khak leh a nuai a bangin thu kikhen hi. Sial, lawi, bawng, sakol, zam, khibah, dakbu,dangka 50/- tungsiah gu hi ci a a ki suankhialte vok tuk 3 thumleh zu phel khatliau a, thu neipa in vok tuk 3 khat, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (3)   Dangka 50 nuaisiah leh van manpha kholote, gu hi ci a aki suankhialte vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, hausa leh a gente in ne uh hi. (4)   Mi khat in mi khat' sulu lopi a su lu hi ci a asuan khialh leh, vok tuk 3 thum khat leh zu phel khat tawh, sum a khap leh a khap zah tawh liau hi. Vok tuk 3 khat thu nei pa in, tuk 3 khat inn sian, a gente' ading tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. a.       Sai, zaangsial, ngal, sa khempeuh gam sung panin man a, kithang zonapi, nangmat hilo hi keima mat hi, a cite vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, hausa leh a gen te'n ne uh hi. b.      Hausa sawl a upa sawltak vakte, khua sung nautaang te'n a thu gen lo-in vel a akosiate in, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, a vok leh a zu teng hausa upa in ne hi. c.       Suan khialhna thu a hi zongin a dang thu ahi zongin Hausa upa' mai-ah sum a ki khap uh leh, amawh pan mawhna angeina bangbangin liau ding a, a sum a kikhapna pan a ki khapna zahzah uh liau ding hi. d.            Sum a ki khapna uh panin inn sian leh a gente' a dingin a nuai a bangin liau ding hi. (i)   Sum a kikhapna dangka 50 nuaisiah a hih leh, inn sian   vok tuk 3 khat, a gente' adingin vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel kkhat a hi hi.   (ii)  Sum akikhapna dangka 50 tungsiah ahihleh, inn sian vok tuk 4 khat leh a gente' adingin vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. 12. Nupa kimakna thu:    (1)   Numei khatleh pasal khat ki tengin a kilak ciangin, a la   te'n  A  Pasal in deih nawn lo-in a mak nop leh ma thei hi. A hi zongin thaman mo liah man, sa seng puak man bangmah la kik theilo hi. (a)    Numei in deih lo-in a mak nop leh ama thu a hi hi. A hi zongin pasal te'n thaman Ks.4/ pia napi, a numei te'n sa a puak kei a leh, thaman leh mo liah man pasal te'n pia kik ding hi.  (2)  Pasal khat in numei khat a tenpihsa, a numei in mawhna neilo napi ta neih lohna hang lel a a mak leh, vok tuk 4 khatin kha a, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gente' ading vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (Numei' mawhna om a a mak a hih leh thu suak theilo hi) (3)   Pasal khat in a leisa a zi lungkim lo a amak leh bangmah thu om theilo hi. A hi zongin numei man ki leh kik thei nawnlo ding hi. Pasal in ngai napi a a zi in deih lo a a ciah leh, pasal te'n a man a piak sa teng lakik thei hi. (4)   Pasal khat in numei khat tenpihin ta nei a a nei kei zongin, a pasalte' innah a zi a sih leh, a lak a numei' man a kiciamna zahzah a lang pia hi. Pasal khat in numei khat tawh kitenga tapasal a neih zawh ciangin, a man pia nai lo a a pasal site, a nu in a ta a ngak leh, a man a nget zahzah pia hi. ( A nu in a ta ngak lo-in a ciah leh, a numei' man a piak zawh leh a pasal te'n ngen kik theilo hi. A piak nai kei leh numei' nung lam te'n ngen kik theilo hi. (a)    Pasal khat in numei tawh mawhin a gai ciangin, a tenpih nop kei leh vok tuk 3 sagih leh uipi khat leh zu phel khat liau a, a gai te'n vok tuk 3 nga tangin, inn sian tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n tuk 3 khat lah zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (b)   Numei hong gai a hong suah ciangin a pa te'n a deih kik leh a vak man ding sial zabo khat pia a, a nau la thei hi. (c)    A gai sakpa in vok tuk 3 sagih a liauma-in, a gai nu suakin a gai nu si leh, a gaisakpa lawi 8 leh zu phel khat liau a, a gai te'n lawi 5 tangin, inn sian lawi 2, a gen te'n lawi khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (A gaisakpa in vok tuk 3 sagih a liau khit ciangin, a gai nu a ta suakin a sihpih hangin bangmah thu omlo hi.   13. Zi kisut thu: (1)         Pasal khatin a dang pasal khat' zi khumsak a, a luk zawh a apasal in  a mak leh, akhumpa lawi 8 leh zu phel 1 liau dinga, atuamin vok tuk  3 khat go masa hi. Thu nei pan lawi 5 inn sian lawi 2, a gente' ading lawi 1 leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (2)         (a) A pasal in a zi amak ngam kei leh, akhumpa lawi 4, leh vok  tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, thu neipa in lawi 3, inn sian lawi 1, a gen te'n vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (3)         (b) Pasal' khat zi a dang khat in asuh leh, lawi 8 leh vok tuk 3 khat tawh zu phel khat tawh liau a, thu nei pan lawi 5, inn sian lawi 2, a gen te'n lawi 1 leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi.( Thu neipa in a zi leina a zi' man teng lakik thei hi.)   (4)         Tangval khat leh nungak khat kingai-in kiteng ding ci-in nakpi-in kiciamin adang tangval khat in a hek khiat a, a lawmnu in ngai zaw a a hekpa tawh a ki ten leh, a numei zuau manin sial zabo khat, leh a gente' a ding vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi.(A hekpa in a ahek hangin kiteng kei peuh leh bangmah thu suak lo hi.)   14. Pasal te'n numeite a utlopi a a buanna   (1)    Lampi hi ta leh gamlak hi ta leh, khua sung hi ta leh-ah, nungak, meigong, nupi, numei khat peuhpeuh ut lopi a a buan a om leh, a nuai a ki gelh bangin aliau hi. (a)     Pasal khatpeuh in numei khatpeuh mawhpih nuam a ut lopi a buan leh, a buanpa sialpi khat leh inn sian vok tuk 4 khat leh a gente' ading vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. (b)    Pasal khat in pasalnei lai nupi khat ut lopi a a buan leh, lawi 8 leh zu phel khat liau a, thu neipa in lawi 5, inn sian lawi 2, a gen te'n lawi 1 leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi.  (2) Pasal khat in meigong ta ngak nupi khat khumin a luk zawh leh, tua  numei' nu lungkim lo-in hausa a koh leh a khumpa  lawi 8 leh vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi. Inn sian      lawi 2, a gen te'n lawi 1, leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (3)  Pasal khat pai-in numei pasalnei sa khat' nawi meek a hi zongin, a kam tawh tep a hi zongin a hih leh, vok tuk 3 sagih leh uipi khat leh zu phelkhat liau hi. Inn sianin uipi khat leh vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat, thunei te'n vok tuk 3 nga tang hi.   15. Mihing'tung a kisuamna thu:  (1)  Mi khat in adang mi khat tumin thau a hi a, hiam a hi a    sing khuah suangtum tawh a hi zongin, a thatpa lawi 11           tawh, tualsiatna tawh zu phel khat liau a, a masa penin vok tuk 4 khat go a, inn sian lawi 2, a gente' ading lawi khat leh zu phel khat, a si te'n lawi 8 tang hi. (2)   Mi khat in mi' paina lampi-ah mi sun hen ci-in so dawhin mi khat    sunin a sih leh a tunga ki gensa bangin liau hi. (3)    Mi khat in midang khat mudahin bum a hi zongin, zatui pia ahi   zongin, a sih leh a si te'n aman takpi a hihna tetci a  neih nak uh leh, (1)         Mi khat tung' lawi 8 leh zu phel khat liau a, a si te'n lawi 5 tangin, inn sian lawi 2 a gen te'n lawi 1 leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi. (5)   Numei gaite in a sung a apai a nau si hen ci-in zatui a hi  zongin, hih theihna khat peuhpeuh tawh hih a ata a sih leh, lawi 8 leh zu phel khat liau hi. (6)    Mi khat in mi khat thah sawmin thau a hi zongin, hiam a hi zongin, singkhuah suangtum a hi zongin tuate tawh hih a a sih loh hangin, mitaw khel bai, na sem zolo-in a om leh, lawi 8 leh vok tuk 4 khat tawh liau a, thu nei te'n lawi 5, inn sian lawi 2, a gen te'n lawi 1 leh zu phel khat liau hi.  (7)  Mi khat in lampi-ah mi khat peuh sun hen cihna tawh so dawhin a sut a a sih loh hangin sialpi khat inn sian vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi, a sial thunei te'n tang hi.  (8) Numei a hi a pasal ahi zongin hehna nei-in hausapa kiangah kolo a ama thu a a vatsat leh, sialpikhat leh inn sian vok tuk 4 khat leh zu phelkhat liau hi.  (9)  Mi khat in mi sunkha hen ci-in so dawh a, min mu-in so dawhpa a ki theih leh, sial zabo khat, a gente' a ding vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phelkhat liau hi.  (10) Zunekna-ah mi khat leh khat a ki tot ciangin, khat in, nang, ci-in a temta dokin, a vau leh zong a nuai a bangin liau hi. (a) Tembul a let leh zu phel khat, (b) Temta dokin a vau leh vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a hausa leh a gen teng in ne uh hi.   16. Ganhing' tunga kisuamna thu      (1)  Lo a ta, sial, bawng, lawi, sakol, a hi zongin a lo neite in teipi tawh  satin, sunin liamna nei-in a sih leh, a gan man a lang liau-in a liaupa in a sa a lang ne hi. (a) Si lo a aliam leh alo neipa in a mutpa guai hi. (b) Sial, lawi, bawng, sakol, tua teng amit a deng khate, a dam ma teng mutsak a, a dengpa in a mutpa' thaman pia hi.( Tua a gan mit a dam zawh kei leh a gan cia pia a a dengpa in a mitna bel tang hi.)                + Sialcing naupangte in suangin deng khial a hi zongin, a gan mit a denkhak hangin thu suak lo hi. A hih hangin a mi a mudah manin a gan tua bangin hih sak a, saili a hi zongin, suangtum a hi zongin dengin kapin a gan mit a khak leh, a tung a bangin liau hi.    (2)  Sial. Lawi, bawng, sakol, tua teng a ta a tolhsak te'n, vok tuk 3 thum leh zu phel khat liau a, a gan nei te'n vok tuk 3 khat tangin inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi.        (a) A man takpi a sat a, a ta tolhin a pi a sih leh, a pi'man zahzah leh inn  sian zu phel khat leh vok tuk 3 khat liau hi. (3)  Kel, vok, ui, tua teng deng kha a ata a tolh sakte in, vok gual 2 leh, zu phel khat liau hi.   16. Mihai tatna thu: (1) Mihai khat in, inn hal a hi zongin, lo a hal a hi zongin, sum, deih  theih khat  peuh mah gu a hi zongin bangmah thu omlo hi.   (a)  Mi hai khat in mi khat a thah khak leh sialpi 1, kawsah sat hi.   17. Thu nialna thu: (1) Hausa in mi khat sam a laipia-in teltak zanapi-in a pai kei leh dangka 10 gam hi. A sappa a cina a a om kei leh bangmah thu suak lo hi. (2) Lamsial un ci-in thupiakna lai ngah napi leisia, mincim, abawl lote    ukpipa in sialpi khat gam hi. Tedim uk sung a lam sialna sungah leisia lampi sia khat peuhah  sakol khat kia-in a sih leh a man zah lohin ukpipa in sial za bo khat gam hi. (Tua ciangin sakol neipa a ma sakol a sih leh sakol man ngah thei ding hi. Sakol a sih kei leh bangmah ngahlo hi.  (3) Khua khatah natna tungin, "Khat leh khat kiangah kihawh kei un," ci-in kham hi napi a hawh teitei a om leh, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat ukpipa in gam hi. (4) Khua khatah gan pul a om ciangin, gan hawl ding a hi zongin, sa pua ding ahi zongin, hausapa in kham napi sapua ahi a gan hawl a hi zongin a om leh ukpipa in sialpi khat gam hi.       (5) Thu phamawh laitaite peuhmah a sun a zanin khua khat pan khua khatah laitai hen ci-in, sawlnapi, a sawl bangin tai lo a atai hun ding a ki pelhsak leh, a laitaipa vok tuk 3 khat gam hi.       (6) Tedim uk sung a miteng khempeuh khualzinna gam vahna-ah cina a si hong ki pua a, apua nuamlo a omte ukpipa in sialpi khat gam hi.       (7) Khua sung hausate in phamawhna a gan khat peuhpeuh a gawh dingin, a deih bangbang piak dingin gan hawlin inn nuai a ki khumsa a neite in a hawlkhiat kik leh, hausa in vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat gam hi.   18. Innluah thu: (1) Innluah thu panin, a beh a phung ngeina zui a, uzaw innluah leh nauzaw innluah tawh nam nih om hi. (2) Mi khat in ta tampi a nei zongin, uzaw inn luah a hi zongin nauzaw innluah a hi zongin a nu apa' thumangin innluahpa' thumangin mawhna nei a asum a sim khial ahi zongin a nu apa te' innah a ten lai tengin a innluahpa liau hi.          (a) Inn a tuan khit a inn a neih zawh leh, amahmah liau hi. A liau zawh kei leh a beh a phung in huh hi. Ahuhna sumte a neipa in sum a neih peuh ciangin loh hi. Tua bangte amet a pung om ngeilo hi. (b) A nu' apa' thu, innluahpa' thumanglo-in, vakthap a a nu apa' hilh zawh loh, a nu leh apa tawh kisai nawnlo ci a thuciamsa aneite, (3) A neutunga kipan a hi a, a gol zawh ciang a hi zongin, anu leh apa' thu leh innluahpa' thumanglo a, "Ki hilh zolo-in ki don nawnlo ding hi hang," ci a thuciamna aneisate, leiba a nu leh apa' tungah kisik thei nawnlo hi. (4) Innluah dingpa' zi bangzah bangzah man la leh, a nu leh apa in  leisak hi. ( Inn a tuan ciangin a nu pate leh innluahpate in, hoih asak zahin inntuan hi. Inn tuanna sum a hi a, logam a hi zongin, a u, a u-in pai-in anautum pen in tawm tang pen hi. Kua ma peumah in a inn tuan ma-in, sum a tun zongin, sa akap zongin a nu apate in a neutung akipan a vak uh a hih manin, phul theilo hi.   19. Nauzaw innluah, nu-nih, nu-thum neihna thu: (1) Mi khat in a zi masa tawh tapasal khat a neih khit ciangin, a zi si-in zikik tawh tapasal tampi a neih hangin a zi masa' ta in innluah hi.   (2) Mihing kibanglo hi, uzaw innluah a hi zongin nautum pen in luah a hi zongin, nu nih nu thum neite kikim lo-in, innluahpa inn a tuan leh, inn mun lo gam a hi a sum a hi zongin  a deih teng la masa hi. Tua ciangin a zi nunung' ta a hi zongin, a nute apate a vak penin zom hi. (A nu apa a sih khit ciangin, innluahpa in a nu apa' inn hoih asak zawk leh ciah kik hi. A nu apa a sih ciangin inn a tuan hangin kawsah satin vui hi. A nu apa vak peuhpeuh anu apa' innah luahin teng hi.) (3) Inn luahpa nukik ta a hi zongin, nau numei nei a numeite in pasal a neih leh, a man ne hi. Anau in pasal aneih leh a zi leisak hi. A naute a sih leh innluahpa in vui hi. (4) Apa' zi nunung tawh inn a luah leh, a innluahpa in a inn ding lamsak hi. Sum leh paai a hi zongin, nek leh dawn a hi zongin a nek khop ding khen hi. A inn tuanna-ah tapasal a neih a, a nu apa vak a a om leh, inn tuanna pan a neih alam teng a vak pen in tang hi. A nute apate a sih ciangin, innluahpa in a innah pua-in vui hi.   20. Thu khempeuh:    (1)    Mi khatleh khat heh lopi a, a dang mi khat in a suktuah leh, vok tuk 3 leh zu phel khat liau a, seh thu suah seh khat tekin hawm uh hi.    (2)   Khualzin a hi zongin gam kuan a hi zongin, sum leh paai zong ahi zongin, a om loh kal a, a nute apate dah hen, cih deihna tawh, kam ahi zongin lai sungah a hi zongin "si hi" a cite voktuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, seh thum suah seh khat tekin hawm uh hi. (3)   Mi khatin gam laka ganhing hawl a, Khua sung innnuai khat peuhah, "Nong na kep sak pak in," ci-in a inn neite gennapi-in, a zing teh khahin gam lakah pai-in a sih leh, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat gam hi.  (4)  Thauvui but te'n a butna a hi zongin, a tuisa a hi zongin hoih takin um a, a kep kei leh ganhing khat peuh in ne kha-in a sih leh, a gan si a lang man zah lohin a sa a lang ne ding hi.  (5)  Tedim uk sung a gan peuhmah, kuamah in ne theilo uh hi. Khua khat leh khua khat thukim a, a ki hawm leh a kiciamna zahzah kipia hi.  (6)   Khat leh khat sum ki lei a zan khat tam sa, a lungkia a om zongin kikhel thei nawnlo hi. Tua ciangin amau ki thukimin hausate akoh kei leh bangmah thu omlo hi.    (7)   Tedim uk sungah sun a hi zongin zan a hi zongin lamhaih  a om leh bangmah thu suak lo hi. A hih hangin mi uk pua mite'n hong nek leh, Tedim uk mite in zong ne ding hi.    (8)  Tedim uk sungah a zawng ahau a hi zongin mihing lai napi, a suakthakte in ama min tawh kibang a phuah leh, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau a, min phuak pha hi. (A hing laite' min hi ci a theilo a a phuak khate bangmah thu omlo hi.)  (9)  Tuizawn lakna kiang a tengte in, tuikhuk tuinakah tawi lo-in, tuizawn panin a bel a dawhkhiat leh, tuizawn nete in na dawh nawn ke'n ci-in hilh napi a dawh teitei leh, vok tuk 3 khat zu phel khat liau a, seh thum suahin hawm uh hi. (a)    Tua bang a aliau khit ciangin, a dawh kik teitei leh, vok tuk 3 thum leh zu phel khat liau a, a tui ne te'n vok tuk 3 khat, inn sian vok tuk 3 khat, a gen te'n vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat hawm uh hi.   (10) Naupang gilote in tuizawn a suksiatsak leh, tuizawn suih sak ding uh hi. Tuizawn thak a suihsak nop kei leh, vok tuk 3 khat leh zu phel khat liau hi.   (11) Tedim uk sungah khua khat panin khua khatah mi alal leh, a inn hausate in khak hi. Inn cih ciangin, Innka, kongzawl, huansak gawl, huankhang gawl, phaitam gawl, a vekpi-in inn suak khin hi)  (12) Uk pua-ah sial zuak a om leh, a liang man dangka Ks.1/ saliang kai te'n pia hi. (A hih hangin, an tawkna a sial apai leh, a liang man pailo hi.)   21. Sum leitawina thu: (1) Kua mah peuhmah mi khat kiangah a ni akha hoihtakin kiciamin sum ki leitawi-in a ni a kha akiciam hunin sum a ki piak zawh kei uh leh, a sum ki leitawi cil ni a kiciamna bangun ki laksak hi. Inn sian leh a gente' ading Mindaina thu aneu 8-na sung a om bangin liau ding hi. (a)    Tua ciangin a tung a thu khempeuh No. 1- na a ih cihsa mah bangin mi khat peuh in mi khat kiangah sum a leitawi laitakin, "Hih pa in hong piak zawh kei leh ke'n hong pia ning," ci a sum leitawipa tang a kikham a omte, a ni a kha a cin ni-in a  leitawi lapa in a piak zawh kei leh, a kikham pan loh ding hi.     (2) Kua mah peuh in mi khat kiangah bangzah bangzah              sum  ki leitawi ba napi, ba ke'ng, ci-in a nial leh thu  phuanpa in, a theihpih ding tetci a neih leh a tung a No. 23, na a om bangin kikhen hi. (a)    Tua ciangin thu bawlpa in, a theihpih ding midang a lah theih kei leh, a sum alapa tawh kikhamin tuisia a dawn nop leh dawn sak a, a khialh leh  a ngeina bangin liau hi.   22.Gan tai mat thu: (1) Gan tai thu pen, aman khate gan nei te'n a mat, man a nuai a bangin  tan hi.   (a)    Sial, lawi, bawng, sakol, tua teng gan khat tungah   Ks.1/ (b)   Kel, vok, tua teng khat tungah dangka hamu. /50% (c)    Ui khat' tungah mat./25%   23.Saliang man tanna thu:   (1) Gam sa liang, inn saliang man tanna pen a nuai a bang a hi hi.   (a)          Tungsial, zaangsial khat tungah dangka Ks.3/- (b)         Sakuh, vom, ngal, saza, liang khat tungah dangka Ks.2/- (c)          Sathak, sakhi, liang khat tungah dangka Ks.2/- (d)         Sakuh liang khat tungah dangka Ks. / 50% (e)          Sail, lawi, bawng, sakol, liang khat tungah dangka Ks.2/- (f)  Vok tuk 4 tung siah liang khat tungah dangka Ks.2/- (g)          Vok tuk 4 liang khat tungah dangka Ks.1/- (h)          Vok tuk 4 leh tuk 3 kikal liang khat tungah dangka hamu,/50% (i)  Vok tuk 3 nuai siah liang khat tungah dangka matkhat. /25%   Theih ding:-        Hih hun lai-in tu hun bang lo-in sum leh na in man na nei mahmah hi. Tua hun lai van man, gan man, anuai a bang a hi hi.   1. Vok tuk 3 khat Ks. 6     =                       Ks. 24/- 2. Vok tuk 4 khat                                       Ks. 48/- 3. Lawi khat ciangin                                    Ks.25-30           Ks.120/- 4. Sialpi khat ciangin                                   Ks. 60-              Ks. 240/-               Tua ahih manin, ih pu ih pate' hun lai-in sum leh paai in man na nei mahmah a, hih bangin thukham a om ciangin ki-itna leh kilemna tampi na om zaw hi. Tu hun ciangin a mawh a khialte in khanglui hun a ki zang liau sumte a hun zui-in gan man tawh kituat nawnlo-in gentehna-in lawi 8 liau-na pen, Ks.120+8=Ks.960/- peuh ih kipiak niangnuang ciangin kua man liauna na kihta nawnlo-in tua hangin ih gam sung tampi takin kisia hi. Tua ahihmanin tu hun gan man leh sum pai dan tawh tuatin khanglui lai ih pu ih pate' zat hih KAMHAU' UPADI tu hun vanman tawh tuatin hoih takin zui leng nakpi takin ih khua ih tui hong hoihtuam mahmah ding hi, ci-in ka um hi:     Deihsakna tawh laibu gelh sawnpa:- Thangsiam ACTS University S. Korea  (Khitta)