By Tual Khan Suan
Leitung ah minam a tuam mahmah bang in ngeina tuam tek i nei hi. I ngeina zuiin i kalsuan i gamtat ciang in ngeina kibanglo mite gamtatzia kibang thei ngeilo hi. A diak in ngeina tawh kisai vaihawm thukhenna, khanggui kizop/ simzia, nopna dahna cih bangte a kipan a thutawp pen ah nau minphuahzia dong kilam dang hi.
Hihlai tak ah leitung a minam pawlkhat te min gelhzia kakaihkhopte mailam ah i thukikupna a panpih theih khak leh ci'n kahong gelhkhia hi.
1. Chinese te mingelh zia.
China gam a teng Chinese i cih mite pen minam khat, pau leh ham kibang, ngeina leh pupa paizia kibang linlian minam hilo uh a,a mau zong ei mite mah bang in kilamdanna tampi nei minam ahi uhi. Chinese (Sen) mite in a tang pi in min tang thum nei uhhi. Tua min tang thum pen a gelh uh ciang in a masa pen in surname(beh min), a nihna ah generation name ( khanggui min), a tawpna ah given name ( a kiphuak min) cih bang in gual in gelh uhhi. Gentehna: Goh Ewe Meng pen hih bang ahihi.e.g-
GOH EWE MENG
(Surname) (Generation name) (given name)
Laikhak (letter) ah a kigelh ciang in "Mr. Goh" ci'n a min bul kizang hi. Lawm leh gual, khualak mi te a sap ciang in "Ewe Meng" cih kizang hi. Nu leh pa leh
innkuan pih te'n "Meng" cin a min tawpna tawh sam uhhi.
2. Filipinos
Filipinos mite min gelhdan pen nitumna lam gamte min gelhzia tawh tampi tak kivalak hi. Hih a nuai a gentehna nihte enleng kitel thei hi.
Pasal Min: JAIME M.LUCENA
Phuak min: Nu' behmin laimal bul: Pa' behmin
Given name) (initial of mother's: ( father's surname)
e.g: JAIME M. LUCENA
Numei Min: MARIA L. GALANG
Phuah min: Nu' behmin laimal bul: Pa'behmin
(given name) (initial of mother's: (father's surname)
E.g MARIA L. GALANG
A zenzen in a tunga minih te kiteng le uh numei min pen hih a nuai a bangin kikhel hi.
MARIA G. LUCENA
Phuah min: Numei Pa' beh min laimal bul: A Pasal beh min:
Given name: Initial of father's surname: Husband's surname)
3. Indians
(a) Hindus
Hindu mite in min gelhdan namnih nei uhhi. India gam i Mallam (north) a teng Hindus mite leh simlam (south) a teng Hindus mite min gelhzia pen tuam hi.Hih a nuai a gentehna te enleng kithei theihi.
Mallam (north) min:
MEERA ROY
Phuahmin: Behmin
(Given name) (Surname)
Simlam(south) min:
SIVA s/o MURUGAN
Phuahmin: Pa' phuahmin
(Given name) (Father's given name)
Tuhun ciang in simlam India Hindus mite'n zong a kilawm zaw ding in (s/o, d/o)cihte paihkhia in phuahmin leh pa' phuahmin kizom sak a gelh zaw ta uhhi. e.g
Mr. SIVA MURUGAN)
Phuahmin: Pa' phuahmin
(Given name) ( Father's given name)
(b) Muslim
Muslim te'n pen muslim biakna minphuakzia paidan zui uhhi. (Malaysia mite min gelhzia ah en in)
(c) Sihks
Sihks mite in numei min ah "Kaur" koih uh a, pasal min ah "Singh" koih uhhi. Ahizong in Lia Kaur pen Tang Singh tawh a kiten uh ciang in a min in "Mrs Singh"in kikhel hi. A tangpi in mintang thum nei uh a tua mintang thum te lak ah khat in "mun leh mual min (or) khua leh tui min" phuak uhhi.
Gentehna in:Gurdip Singh Hundral pen;
GURDIP SINGH HUNDRAL
Phuahmin Pasalte'min Mun min
(Given name) (Common surname) (Place name)
4. Japanese
Japanese te min gelhdan pen nam (2) in kikhen hi. Phuak min (given name) masa in tua khit teh behmin (Surname) in zui hi.E.g
KOICHI SHIMIZU
Phuahmin Behmin
Given name Surname
5. Koreans
Korean mite in min tang thum a neihuh hangin mingelhna ah khen (2) in khenuhhi. Gentehna in :-
SHIN YEON SUNG
Innkuan min Phuah min
Family name Given name
6.Malaysians
Malaysia minamte in min tang khat bek nei uh hi. Ahizong in a min uh a gelh ciangin pa'min pen a min nung uh ah behlap uhhi. gentehna in:
Pasal min: ISMAIL TAJUDDIN
Phuah min Pa' min
Given name Father's name
(or)
ISMAIL bin TAJUDDIN
Phuah min (son of) Pa' min
Numei Min: ROHANI ABDULLAH
Phuahmin Pa' min
Given name Father's name
(or)
ROHANI (daughter of) ABDULLAH
Phuah min Pa'min
Given name Father's name
7. Thais
Thai minam te in min a gelh uh ciang in khen (2) in khen uhhi. A masa (or) a nunung in i deih penpen in kisam thei hi. Gentehna:
SIRIRAVEE GOBPRADIT
Phuah min Behmin
Given name Surname
Thai minam te'n a min uh a gelh uh ciangin a min mai uah numei leh pasal a kibang in "Khun" cih koih uh hi. e.g
"Somboon Beranada" pen " Khun Somboon" cih bangin * (Pasal)
"Siriravee Gobpradit" pen "Khun Siriravee" cih bang in *( Numei)
8. Vietnamese
Vietnames te'n min a gelh uh ciangin khen (3) in a gelh uh hangin i sim ciangin a aw suah nih bekin kisim hi. Minlai ( Middle name) pen a aw kisuak sak lo
hi. Pasal te min ah "VAN" koih uh a, numei te min ah " THI" koih uhhi. Hih a nuai a bangin gelh uh hi.
Surname Middle name Given name
VO VAN NAM (Pasal)
VO THI NAM (Numei)
9. Burmese
Kawl te'n pen innkuan min, beh leh phung min cih te om se loin a pian ni leh hun zui a min kiphuak minam ahih manin min tang bang zah nei, bang ci gelh cih kitel khia theilo hi. Nupi te min mah ah "Daw" koih uh a, numei (pasal neilote)min mai ah "Ma" koih uhhi,. Tua mah bang in Papi te minmai ah "U" koih uh a,pasal (zineilo te) mimai ah "Maung/ Ko" koih uhhi.
10. English
English te a pen a tamzaw in i theih leh i siksan pen khat ahihman in gen nawn dah ni.
11. Zomi
Zomite pen a tenna gam uh a minam te in khazak khumna thuak uh ahih manin min gelhzia zong a tawm leh a tam in zui pah uh hi. Min tang bang zah cih omlo mintam te tapdan zui in kigelh a, kammal khat ciang in khenkhat in kikoih hi.Gentehna in Manipur a om Zomite in Meitei te mingelh zia ahi beh min (surname) lamtom min mai ah koih uha, Unau Mizoram a om te'n in i unaute mingelh zia kizui pah a,numei te'n mintawpna ah "i" koih in, pasal te'n mintawpna ah "a" koih uhhi.Kawlgam a om zomite in zong kawlgam a om minam te mingelh zia zui in pasal te min mai ah "Tang or Salai" koih in numei te minmai ah "Lia or Mai" koih uhhi.(Kawlgam a teng minam dangte in zong hihbang in minmai ah minam zui in kammal koihciat uhhi.)
Tua hi a, min gelhzia pen namtam pi a ommah bangin ei mi khempeuh in zong a kician khat, i ngeina lah a nusia lo ding, min tamtu te deihna tawh lah kitukalh loding khat neileng bel hoih pen ding in kangaihsun hi.
Leitung ah minam a tuam mahmah bang in ngeina tuam tek i nei hi. I ngeina zuiin i kalsuan i gamtat ciang in ngeina kibanglo mite gamtatzia kibang thei ngeilo hi. A diak in ngeina tawh kisai vaihawm thukhenna, khanggui kizop/ simzia, nopna dahna cih bangte a kipan a thutawp pen ah nau minphuahzia dong kilam dang hi.
Hihlai tak ah leitung a minam pawlkhat te min gelhzia kakaihkhopte mailam ah i thukikupna a panpih theih khak leh ci'n kahong gelhkhia hi.
1. Chinese te mingelh zia.
China gam a teng Chinese i cih mite pen minam khat, pau leh ham kibang, ngeina leh pupa paizia kibang linlian minam hilo uh a,a mau zong ei mite mah bang in kilamdanna tampi nei minam ahi uhi. Chinese (Sen) mite in a tang pi in min tang thum nei uhhi. Tua min tang thum pen a gelh uh ciang in a masa pen in surname(beh min), a nihna ah generation name ( khanggui min), a tawpna ah given name ( a kiphuak min) cih bang in gual in gelh uhhi. Gentehna: Goh Ewe Meng pen hih bang ahihi.e.g-
GOH EWE MENG
(Surname) (Generation name) (given name)
Laikhak (letter) ah a kigelh ciang in "Mr. Goh" ci'n a min bul kizang hi. Lawm leh gual, khualak mi te a sap ciang in "Ewe Meng" cih kizang hi. Nu leh pa leh
innkuan pih te'n "Meng" cin a min tawpna tawh sam uhhi.
2. Filipinos
Filipinos mite min gelhdan pen nitumna lam gamte min gelhzia tawh tampi tak kivalak hi. Hih a nuai a gentehna nihte enleng kitel thei hi.
Pasal Min: JAIME M.LUCENA
Phuak min: Nu' behmin laimal bul: Pa' behmin
Given name) (initial of mother's: ( father's surname)
e.g: JAIME M. LUCENA
Numei Min: MARIA L. GALANG
Phuah min: Nu' behmin laimal bul: Pa'behmin
(given name) (initial of mother's: (father's surname)
E.g MARIA L. GALANG
A zenzen in a tunga minih te kiteng le uh numei min pen hih a nuai a bangin kikhel hi.
MARIA G. LUCENA
Phuah min: Numei Pa' beh min laimal bul: A Pasal beh min:
Given name: Initial of father's surname: Husband's surname)
3. Indians
(a) Hindus
Hindu mite in min gelhdan namnih nei uhhi. India gam i Mallam (north) a teng Hindus mite leh simlam (south) a teng Hindus mite min gelhzia pen tuam hi.Hih a nuai a gentehna te enleng kithei theihi.
Mallam (north) min:
MEERA ROY
Phuahmin: Behmin
(Given name) (Surname)
Simlam(south) min:
SIVA s/o MURUGAN
Phuahmin: Pa' phuahmin
(Given name) (Father's given name)
Tuhun ciang in simlam India Hindus mite'n zong a kilawm zaw ding in (s/o, d/o)cihte paihkhia in phuahmin leh pa' phuahmin kizom sak a gelh zaw ta uhhi. e.g
Mr. SIVA MURUGAN)
Phuahmin: Pa' phuahmin
(Given name) ( Father's given name)
(b) Muslim
Muslim te'n pen muslim biakna minphuakzia paidan zui uhhi. (Malaysia mite min gelhzia ah en in)
(c) Sihks
Sihks mite in numei min ah "Kaur" koih uh a, pasal min ah "Singh" koih uhhi. Ahizong in Lia Kaur pen Tang Singh tawh a kiten uh ciang in a min in "Mrs Singh"in kikhel hi. A tangpi in mintang thum nei uh a tua mintang thum te lak ah khat in "mun leh mual min (or) khua leh tui min" phuak uhhi.
Gentehna in:Gurdip Singh Hundral pen;
GURDIP SINGH HUNDRAL
Phuahmin Pasalte'min Mun min
(Given name) (Common surname) (Place name)
4. Japanese
Japanese te min gelhdan pen nam (2) in kikhen hi. Phuak min (given name) masa in tua khit teh behmin (Surname) in zui hi.E.g
KOICHI SHIMIZU
Phuahmin Behmin
Given name Surname
5. Koreans
Korean mite in min tang thum a neihuh hangin mingelhna ah khen (2) in khenuhhi. Gentehna in :-
SHIN YEON SUNG
Innkuan min Phuah min
Family name Given name
6.Malaysians
Malaysia minamte in min tang khat bek nei uh hi. Ahizong in a min uh a gelh ciangin pa'min pen a min nung uh ah behlap uhhi. gentehna in:
Pasal min: ISMAIL TAJUDDIN
Phuah min Pa' min
Given name Father's name
(or)
ISMAIL bin TAJUDDIN
Phuah min (son of) Pa' min
Numei Min: ROHANI ABDULLAH
Phuahmin Pa' min
Given name Father's name
(or)
ROHANI (daughter of) ABDULLAH
Phuah min Pa'min
Given name Father's name
7. Thais
Thai minam te in min a gelh uh ciang in khen (2) in khen uhhi. A masa (or) a nunung in i deih penpen in kisam thei hi. Gentehna:
SIRIRAVEE GOBPRADIT
Phuah min Behmin
Given name Surname
Thai minam te'n a min uh a gelh uh ciangin a min mai uah numei leh pasal a kibang in "Khun" cih koih uh hi. e.g
"Somboon Beranada" pen " Khun Somboon" cih bangin * (Pasal)
"Siriravee Gobpradit" pen "Khun Siriravee" cih bang in *( Numei)
8. Vietnamese
Vietnames te'n min a gelh uh ciangin khen (3) in a gelh uh hangin i sim ciangin a aw suah nih bekin kisim hi. Minlai ( Middle name) pen a aw kisuak sak lo
hi. Pasal te min ah "VAN" koih uh a, numei te min ah " THI" koih uhhi. Hih a nuai a bangin gelh uh hi.
Surname Middle name Given name
VO VAN NAM (Pasal)
VO THI NAM (Numei)
9. Burmese
Kawl te'n pen innkuan min, beh leh phung min cih te om se loin a pian ni leh hun zui a min kiphuak minam ahih manin min tang bang zah nei, bang ci gelh cih kitel khia theilo hi. Nupi te min mah ah "Daw" koih uh a, numei (pasal neilote)min mai ah "Ma" koih uhhi,. Tua mah bang in Papi te minmai ah "U" koih uh a,pasal (zineilo te) mimai ah "Maung/ Ko" koih uhhi.
10. English
English te a pen a tamzaw in i theih leh i siksan pen khat ahihman in gen nawn dah ni.
11. Zomi
Zomite pen a tenna gam uh a minam te in khazak khumna thuak uh ahih manin min gelhzia zong a tawm leh a tam in zui pah uh hi. Min tang bang zah cih omlo mintam te tapdan zui in kigelh a, kammal khat ciang in khenkhat in kikoih hi.Gentehna in Manipur a om Zomite in Meitei te mingelh zia ahi beh min (surname) lamtom min mai ah koih uha, Unau Mizoram a om te'n in i unaute mingelh zia kizui pah a,numei te'n mintawpna ah "i" koih in, pasal te'n mintawpna ah "a" koih uhhi.Kawlgam a om zomite in zong kawlgam a om minam te mingelh zia zui in pasal te min mai ah "Tang or Salai" koih in numei te minmai ah "Lia or Mai" koih uhhi.(Kawlgam a teng minam dangte in zong hihbang in minmai ah minam zui in kammal koihciat uhhi.)
Tua hi a, min gelhzia pen namtam pi a ommah bangin ei mi khempeuh in zong a kician khat, i ngeina lah a nusia lo ding, min tamtu te deihna tawh lah kitukalh loding khat neileng bel hoih pen ding in kangaihsun hi.
