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Thuneihna Mungpi Thum
Belpawl
gam (Federal State) lamkhiatzia tawh gam kiphut hi, cih tak ciangin gamkhat i
thuneihna mungpi nam (3) teng pen munkhat ah gawmkhawm lo in bial (Constituent
Units) kici gamke, gamkhente ah thuneihna hawmkim in mapang khawm a vaihawmna a
hihi. A mun leh mual a om ukna nei vaihawm kumpite in a mau’ tung a kihawm thuneihna
zattheihna ciangtawh a mau leh a mau leh a mau ki-ukna (Self-rule) leh gambup i
mawhpuak (bial in a mau leh a mau mawhpuakna a lak theihlohnate) thute ah Ukna
neikhawm (shared rule) zatna gam-ukna nam a hihi. Ei leh ei ki-ukna (self-rule)
a vaihawm ding thute in: (i) Ei mun leh gam – gamke, gamkhen bek tawh kisai tengbek
hi cih thute: Gentehna in- minam ngeina, lai, pau leh tangthu, pupa
luahsa gam leitang vai cihte pawl pen a mun a mual a teng mite vai hizaw hi.
(ii) Ei mun leh gam uk vaihawm kumpite in gel in sem leh a lawhcing zaw ding
thute: Gentehna in – Vanzat bawlna khawl leh nasem mite zuih ding paiziate,
mun leh mual khantohna ding (local development), gamke, gamkhen sung sang
laisimna (Basic Education) pilna, mun leh mual pan a piang nate tungpan phiangsiah
kaihnate a hihi. Ukna neikhawm (shared Rule) ding a kisapna munte pen: (i) Gambup
kumpi tawh zong kisai a kikoih thute: Gentehna- Bitna (Defense), Lai-to
(Postal Services), Sum (Monetary), gamdang tawh kizopna (Foreign affairs) pen
gamkhat sungah vaihawmzia khat bek omleh a hoih nam a hihi. (ii) Gambup kumpi
in vaihawmna nei leh a lawhcing zaw ding thute: Gentehna – Cidamna (Health),
kim le pam kepbitna (Environmental issues), gambup sum le pai zonna (Economic
policy), Pilna sang sinna (Higher education), leisung sumpiang (natural
resources) cihte pawl a hihi. Belpawl gam (Federal State) sung-ah bang
thuneihnate pen gamke, gamkhen in len ding a bang thu neihnate pen gambup in
len ding cih kihawmkimna pen Gambup kumpi leh gamke, gamkhen kumpite kikal ah kithu
kimna (covenant) zui in kisuai hi a, gam khat leh khat ah hawmkimna kibang khin
theilo hi.
A
suahta gam khempeuh in thuneihna sangpen a neihna ah liangko kikim tek ci’n Leitungbup
thukhun (International Law) i thuzuih khat leh khutlet guipi a hihi. UNO
kipawlna ah pawlmi (member state) a ngah thei ding gam pen, thuneihna sangpen (Sovereign
Power) a nei gamte bek kisang hi. UNO kipawlna in thuneihna sangpen a ciaptehna
ah: 1) Gamkhat peuh in gamgi kician a kikhung gamkhat hi ding hi (Gamlei
maitang a neu a liatna hangin suakta suaklo lo cih khenna omlo hi). 2) Gamkhat
peuh ah mipi i tangmi leh palaite in ukna thuneihna a nei kumpi om ding hi. (UNO
kiphuh cillai in gam pawlkhat pen gamgi kician a om hangin gamkek opkhumna
(colonization) nuai ah om a hih manin thuneihna sangpen nei gam in kiciam teh
theilo hi). 3) Gamkhat peuh-ah ukna a nei kumpi in a pualam pan
nawngkaisakna leh deepna omlo in a tua gamsung ah kumpi semzo hi ding hi (Federal
gamsungah thuneihna hawmkim cih hangin gamke, gamkhen pawlkhat in Gambup Kumpi
phalna lo tawh thu pawlkhat sem theilo a hih manin, federal gamke, gamkhente
pen thuneihna sangpen kumpi kici theilo hi). 4) Gamkhat peuh in sumzon paizonna
(Economics), nek le tak zonna ah gamdang khat i gawlvak hilo in, a ma gamhuam
sungah a mau leh a mau a kito delh zo gam hi ding cihte a hihi.
Gamkhat
i thuneihna mungpi nam (3) or Thuneihna sangpen (Sovereign Power) i cih
takciangin tua gamhuam sunga teng milip i zat ding leh zuih ding thukhun gelh
theihna, tua thukhun zui a ukna leh vaihawm theihna, thubuai khat a om tak
ciangin a kigelh thukhun zui in thukhenna piak theihna teng pen a mau thu tawh
a zang thei gam a hihi. Tua thuneihna mungpi nam (3) te in: (i) ukna thuneihna
(Executive Power) (ii) Thukhun bawl thuneihna ( Legislative Power) leh (iii)
Thukhen thuneihna (Judicial Power) hi a, gamsung vaihawmna ah hih mungpi nam (3)
pen khat leh khat a kizom tuah diedeu a hihi.
Ukna
thuneihna (Executive Power)
pen gamkhat kumpi nasepna, malakna leh vaihawmna khatpeuh ah gambup thuneihna a
zat theihna leh nasepna peuhpeuh ah mawhpuakna lak ding a kikhen khia gam kumpi
phelkhat (organ) a hihi. Gamsung ukna leh vaihawmna ah zuih ding a kigelh
thukhun zui in nasepna leh tua thukhunte a kizuih leh zuih loh etcikna
(enforcement) ah matawng in nasem na ahihi. Gamkhat sung or mun khatsung ah mihing
pen khatbek nuntakna sangin a hon (group) in ten khopna pan nuntakna nuam zaw a
hihman in a hon in i teng khawm hi. Tenkhopna pan in khua leh tuii hoihna leh
khantohna ding na semkhawm kawmkawm in ei mimal i nuntakna ding i zong tek hi.
I hon tenkhopna khua leh tui ah mimal khat sim in ei mau nuntakna khantohna
ding leh nuntakna ding vaipuak kinei tek a, ei ma mimal vaipen eimau tek in vaipuak
kila a, mihon/mipi vai ciangin i khua, i tui leh i gam in tavuan la hi. Tua
bangin milip in ei mau angsung khual in i khosak hun kawmkal ah, khua le tui,
gam le minam khantohna ding a sem ding mi kisapna hong piang hi. Mihon, khua le
tui, minam leh gam a ding a sem ding mite in ukna thuneihna a neih kisam a hih
manin khua nu, khua pa leh mipi in tua mite tungah muanna tawh ukna thuneihna
pia hi. Mihon, khua leh tui a ding gelna, sep khiatna leh malakna ding
vaihawmna matawng a tanu a sem ding mite tungah thuneihna piakna pan-in ukna
thuneihna hong piang khia suak hi. Khua nu, khua pa leh mipite innmun, logam
vai a hawm ding, tui nek ding vansak ding na sep a sem ding khuasung/gamsung ah
makai kisapna hang a hihi. Tuhun ciangin gam kilamzia zui-in, Ukna thuneihna a
nei mite in a mau deihna bangin thukhun bawl tawmlo uh a, mikim zuih ding a
kibawl sa thukhunte a kicing sak ding leh a sem suah din mite a uhhi. A
hizongin gambup thukhun a hilo, nasem tanute’n a mau na sepna a muibun zaw
dingin gambup thukhun tawh kikelki lo in sepzia dante (decrees), zia le tong
ngeinate (regulations) bawl thei uhhi. A mau bawl sepziate pen gambup thukhun
tawh kituak in na sepna a lawhcing zaw ding ngimna bek hi ding hi. Ukna
thuneihna a nei Kumpi in gambupvai thupi ah malakna a neih hun ciangin thukhun
bawl pawl (Legislative body) leh Thukhen pawl (Judicial body) i thukim pihna
lakkul hi. (Gentehna in gal puang ding vai, siah leh tang tax kaih ding vai
cihte pawl hi.)
Thukhun
bawl thuneihna (Legislative Power)
pen gambup tawh kisai in ukna leh vaihawm a zuih ding thukhun, ngeina dante
gelhna leh kipsakna a nei kumpi pumpi khat a hihi. Hih kumpi pumpi in gamsung
ah vaihawmna ah gal puangna (Declare war), ukna thunei ding kumpi/ministers
kipsakna ( Appointment of Executives Body) leh gamuk kumpi vaihawmna zia a
khinkhai a, a encikna cihte vaipuak nei hi. Kammal dangkhat in genleng mipi
deihtel Tangmi leh Palaite kituah khopna Innpi (Parliament/Congress) hi a,
gamsung hoihna ding thu gelkhopna mun a hihi. Gamkhat sung or Khuasung ah milip/mikim
i kihel theihlohna mun ah eitang dingin palai i sawlte zong kici thei hi. Mipi
tampi kituah khopna gamsung leh mihon ten khopna munte ah tangpi tangta, khua
le tui, gam le nam a ding khantohna a gel a om bangin siatna ding phamawh a
salo mi zong om thei hi. Gam, khua leh tui, mihon a ding siatna bawl or na hoih
sepding a semlo mi hong om tak ciangin tua bang mite pen a kilawm a kituak
thuhilhna leh thaman piakna hangin tangpi tangta, khua le tui, gam le nam a ding
a hoihzaw piang hi. Mikhat peuh leh mipi a ding siatna bawl mi a om tak ciangin
a mau bawl thuzui in a kibang leh a kikim thaman piak theihna dingin thukhun
bawl kisam hi. Cihnopna ah mawhna le khialhna kibang mite tungah a kibang/kikim
thaman piakna pen mikim tungah neih ding a hihi. Tua bangin thukhun bawl
theihna pen gamsung thukhun bawl thuneihna ahihi. Mi khatpeuh in thagum hatna
zangin midang khat bawlsiatna leh nuaisiahna ding panin kidalna lakna ding a
hizongin, a sia/hoihlo gamta mikhat in a ma gamtatna thaman tawh kituak in
thaman a ngah kik theihna ding a hizongin mikim tungah a kibang leh a kitam kim
tawh vaihawmna dingin mipi palaite in thukhun bawlna pen a mau vaipuak ahihi. Thukhun
bawl thuneite bawl thukhun zuih kim tekna hangin hangin vengsung, khuasung leh
gamsung ah mikim a dingin kitam kimna om a, ei leh ei i ki-hu thei hi. I veng i
pam ki-hu thei hi. I khua i tui ki-hu thei hi. I gam i nam ki-hu thei hi.
Thukhen
thuneihna (Judicial Power)
in gam sung thukhunte a kizatna ah a deihna genkhia ding (interpret), a kizatzia
encik ding (apply), a kizatna mun a man leh a maloh sulzuih (enforce) ding vaipuak
nei hi. Thukhen theihna i deihna masa pen in gammi ( khat le khat kikal ah)
thubuai a om hun ciangin hiamgamna leh thagum zatna omlo vensak theihna ding ahihi.
Kammal dang khat in cileng thubuai a om takciangin guptuam paihtuam omlo in thutang
genna tawh buaina a vengsak ding a hihi. Gamsung, vengsung leh mipi zuih ding
thukhun gelh tawm theihna neilo uh a, a kigelh sa thukhun zui-in semsuah,
thaman piakna kipsak leh thukhun hilhcianna pen a mau sep theih a hihi. Mi
khatpeuh in mawhna khialhna bawl in khotang buaisak hi ci’n ngawhna a thuak hun
tak ciangin khial mah hi, khiallo hi cih a kimuh khiat theihna dingin ngawh a
om mite kidalna ding leh a khial taktak mite thukhun tawh kituak in a kilawm a
kituak thaman piak kul hi. Mawhna khialhna neilo a, a pumthuak mite zong a kilawm
a kituak zangna dopna piak kul hi. Mawhna thaman tawh kituak in thaman piak theihna
ding thukhun zui a khensat ding pen thukhen nasep a hihi. Tua banah, thukhen
thuneihna in thukhen zum ah kamnialna/nialkalhna a om tak ciangin a kigen thu
le la, lahkhiatna (proofs) leh limlahnate (facts) santak leh santakloh cih khensat
theihna zong nei hi. Innmun logam vai ah thubuai nei a hizongin, loma tuima vai
ah thubuai nei a hi zongin a om takteh a thu khinkhai in buaina vensak ding
septheihna nei uhhi. Gamsung ukna leh vaihawmna ah thuneihna zatna mun tuamtuam
ah thukhun tawh kituak, kituaklo cih encik theihna ding thuneihna a nei uhhi.
Tua ban-ah, mi khatpeuh in thuneihna a khengval a zatna ( abuse of power) a om
ciangin zong thukhen theihna a nei mite in thaman pia in lemtuah kik hi.
Mi
tampi tenkhopna gamkhat ah hih a tung a thuneihna mungpi (3) teng pen khat le
khat kizom dimdem a mihing nuntakna kisapna zui hong piang khia ahihi. Ukna
thuneihna pen a kilang pen hi a, thukhun bawl leh thukhen thuneihna nihte in a umtuah
in khat leh khat naitak in kizom uhhi. Gamkhat leh gamkhat ah hih thuneihna
mungpi nam (3) te khenna leh zatna ah kihawm dan kibang kimlo hi. Gamsung
vaihawmna leh ukna a thahat zawkna ding, gambup thuneihna pen mikhat/ mihon
khat khutsung ah a tunlohna dingin hih nampi thumteng pen suakta tak in
tonkhawm sak (closely Independence) in zatsiam ding kisam hi.
Date
11/11/19
Tual
Khan Suan
